Transesterification of vegetable oil with ethanol using different catalysts

Rahman, Md. Mizanur; Hassan, Tafsirul; Rabbi, Md. Fazlay; Shakil, Md. Fahim; Khan, Md. Awal

doi:10.1063/5.0037587

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The acid-activated waste marble has a surface area of 356.321 m 2 /g, a pore volume of 31.15 cm 3 /g, and a pore diameter (4.283nm), making it more porous and having a greater surface area compared to the raw waste marble. These unique characteristics of acid-activated waste marble support the fact that it is an effective catalyst for transesterification (Rahman et al, 2021).…”

Section: Characterization Of the Catalystmentioning

confidence: 88%

Modelling and optimization of luffa oil transesterification via acid activated waste marble catalyst

Nwosu-Obieogu,

Maureen A. Allen,

Nwogu

et al. 2024

JGhIE

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This study assessed the performance of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) in modelling the transesterification of luffa oil using acid activated waste marble catalyst. The waste marble was activated with 0.5 molar sulphuric acid at 600 oC for 4 hours and was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, XRF, and BET; the characterization proved that the catalyst was successfully activated. The experiments were conducted at a catalyst dosage (1-5 wt. %), temperature (40-80 oC), methanol-oil ratio (4:1-12:1), time (1-3 hours), and agitation speed of (100- 500 rpm) with output as biodiesel yield. ANN was assessed using three back-propagation (BP) procedures, each comprising five neurons (input layer), one (output layer) and ten (hidden layer). The Levenberg Marquardt technique offered the most accurate prediction for luffa oil transesterification. The models were developed based on experimental and algorithm simulations and designs. The models' performance was assessed using the R2 and MSE. Regarding R2 and MSE, the ANN model (R2=9.9921E-1, MSE=0.06311) has a superior predictive capacity in forecasting the process than the RSM (R2=0.9885, MSE=0.86). At a catalyst concentration (3wt %), time (2 hours), temperature (60 oC), agitation speed (100 rpm) and methanol-oil ratio (12:1), the experimental (92.57 %), RSM predicted (94.0487 %) and ANN predicted (91.1768 %) biodiesel yield showed an agreement between the experimental and predicted values. The findings via physicochemical analysis, FT-IR, and GC-MS confirm that the biodiesel was within ASTM specifications.

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Section: Characterization Of the Catalystmentioning

confidence: 88%

Modelling and optimization of luffa oil transesterification via acid activated waste marble catalyst

Nwosu-Obieogu,

Maureen A. Allen,

Nwogu

et al. 2024

JGhIE

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“…At present, biodiesels are receiving attention for being renewable, biodegradable, and greener. 4 They are also more environmentally friendly and less polluting to the atmosphere as biodiesel exhaust emissions are found to contain less PM, HC, and CO (but not NO X ). 5 Many studies reveal that biodiesel has some strong advantages over conventional petroleum diesel fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it is essential to transit to alternative, greener renewable fuel sources. At present, biodiesels are receiving attention for being renewable, biodegradable, and greener 4 . They are also more environmentally friendly and less polluting to the atmosphere as biodiesel exhaust emissions are found to contain less PM, HC, and CO (but not NO X ) 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and challenges for the application of biodiesel as automotive fuel in the 21st century

Hassan

Rahman

et al. 2022

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Depletion of fossil fuel and massive emissions of hazardous greenhouse gases are prompting many researchers to focus on greener renewable fuel such as biodiesel, which has the potential to replace petrodiesel partially. This review covers various aspects related to biodiesel feedstock and its effects on biodiesel characteristics, biodiesel production methods, blending techniques, biodiesel properties, combustion, engine performance, and emission analysis, the effects of different additives on biodiesel characteristics, and some challenges associated with biodiesel. Moreover, different relevant empirical correlations of biodiesel properties and combustion parameters are presented. Despite alkali catalysis being the most adopted transesterification process, lipase catalysis and heterogeneous catalysis are potential processes for future biodiesel production from low‐cost feedstock. Biodiesel has higher viscosity, density, flash point, cetane number, and pour point while having low heating value in comparison with petrodiesel. Most studies conducted on diesel engine led to a reduction in brake power, brake thermal efficiency, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, and unburned hydrocarbons, and increased brake specific fuel consumption and oxides of nitrogen are associated with biodiesel compared to petrodiesel. In brief, biodiesel is comparable to petrodiesel. However, before there is a large‐scale application of biodiesel in the automotive sector it has to overcome some challenges such as its compatibility with engine components, its instability, its effect on engine wear, deposit formation, and clogging of fuel filters and injectors. Increased focus should also be given to second‐generation biodiesel over first‐generation biodiesel because second‐generation biodiesel can offset production costs, reduce deforestation, and solve the food versus fuel problem. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…At present, biodiesel is getting attention for being renewable, biodegradable, and environment friendly 4 . In addition, PM, HC, and CO emissions are significantly reduced except NO X for the application of biodiesel 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, biodiesel is getting attention for being renewable, biodegradable, and environment friendly. 4 In addition, PM, HC, and CO emissions are significantly reduced except NO X for the application of biodiesel. 5 Being oxygenated fuel, usage of biodiesel in compression ignition (CI) engine helps enhance complete combustion and thus reduce exhaust emissions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advancement in the application of metal based nanoadditive in diesel/biodiesel fueled compression ignition engine: A comprehensive review on nanofluid preparation and stability, fuel property, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics

Hassan

Rahman

Rabbi

et al. 2022

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Biodiesel has emerged as a promising renewable fuel, which can help reduce dependency on fossil fuel and has potentiality to replace petrodiesel partially. Usage of biodiesel results in decreased carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and particulate matter emission. However, it has some drawbacks such as increased nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission, lower calorific value, and poor engine performance, which restrict wide usage of biodiesel as a potential substitute in compression ignition engine. There is a scope to overcome these problems by applying metal based nanoparticles (NPs) as fuel additive. This article reviews the preparation and stability of nanofluid and the effect of metal based NPs on fuel properties, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics. It has been concluded that inclusion of nanoadditives increases cetane number and calorific value of blended fuel. According to the most authors, metal based NP doped biodiesel blend enhances ignition characteristics, improves engine performance, and reduces emissions including NOx compared to biodiesel blend without additive. However, some concerns and challenges identified in this article need to be addressed to make this technology feasible for commercial application in near future.

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Transesterification of vegetable oil with ethanol using different catalysts

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Modelling and optimization of luffa oil transesterification via acid activated waste marble catalyst

Modelling and optimization of luffa oil transesterification via acid activated waste marble catalyst

Opportunities and challenges for the application of biodiesel as automotive fuel in the 21st century

Recent advancement in the application of metal based nanoadditive in diesel/biodiesel fueled compression ignition engine: A comprehensive review on nanofluid preparation and stability, fuel property, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics

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