Transesterification of Vegetables Oil Using Suband Supercritical Methanol

Asri, Nyoman Puspa; Machmudah, Siti; Wahyudiono, Wahyudiono; Suprapto, Suprapto; Budikarjono, Kusno; Roesyadi, Achmad; Sasaki, Masahiro; Goto, Motonobu

doi:10.14710/reaktor.14.2.123-128

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…4, an increase in the reaction temperature had also a favourable influence on the FAME yield. The results are correlated with Arrhenius law whereby the intrinsic rate constant is a function of reaction temperature [23]. The content of FAME was increased gradually below critical point of methanol, but significantly increased at above respectively.…”

Section: Catalyst Reactivity Toward Transesterification Sub-and Supersupporting

confidence: 59%

“…In this case, excess methanol molar ratio was required to shift the reaction equilibrium to the right side, then produced more biodiesel. However, an excess of methanol is not favorable due to the high amount of energy needed to recover it, which ultimately increases the overall biodiesel cost production [17,23]. Therefore, the optimum molar ratio of methanol/oil for transesterification of crude JCO was 21:1.…”

Section: Effect Of Methanol To Oil Molar Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High catalyst loading will lead to the agglomeration occurring on active sites and, then reduced the biodiesel production [23]. Furthermore, the high viscosity of the slurry that resulted to the problem mixing involving reactant, product and solid catalyst [7,8].…”

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Dosagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the high viscosity of the slurry that resulted to the problem mixing involving reactant, product and solid catalyst [7,8]. Asri et al [23] also stated that biodiesel yield increased considerably from 22-81 % with increase in CaO/KI/Al 2 O 3 catalyst at a proportion of initial oil mass range from 0-3.0 %, and decreased for catalyst mass beyond 3.0 wt.%.…”

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Dosagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, research on transesterification of vegetable oil triglycerides into biodiesel using solid acid/base catalysts at supercritical condition has rarely been conducted. The catalysts have been studied include heteropolyacid [2], tri-metal phosphate [3], acid resins [15], sulfonated [16][17][18], metal-metal oxides [19][20][21], mixed metal oxides [17], double metal promoted alumina [22], zeolite [23] and lipase [24,25] catalysts. Acid catalysts required a longer reaction time and relatively higher temperature, which are significant less active than alkali catalysts [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil with Ca and La mixed oxide catalyst in near supercritical methanol conditions

Teo

Goto

Taufiq‐Yap

2015

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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Please cite this article as: Siow Hwa Teo, Motonobu Goto, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap, Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L.oil with Ca and La mixed oxide catalyst in near supercritical methanol conditions, The Journal of Supercritical Fluids http://dx. AbstractThe catalytic transesterification of crude Jatropha curcus oil (JCO) with supercritical methanol (scMeOH), in the presence of calcium lanthanum mixed oxide (CaLaO) heterogeneous base catalyst was carried out using a batch reactor at near critical temperatures and pressures. The performance of synthesized CaLaO mixed oxide catalysts was examined by characterizing it through instruments such as XRD, BET and CO 2 -TPD, revealed that the Ca/La atomic ratio strongly affects the phase structure, catalyst basic sites, and thus the catalytic reactivity. The reaction parameters including Ca/La atomic molar ratio in the mixed metal oxide catalyst, molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst concentration, reaction pressure, temperature and time were varied one at a time and optimized based on the content of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The highest FAME yield for supercritical methanolysis reached 93 % under the optimum reaction conditions: 240 ○ C, 8.2 MPa, a molar ratio of methanol to oil of 21:1, and reaction time of 60 min in the presence of 1 wt. % catalyst. The results demonstrated that the presence of CaLaO mixed oxide catalyst in the reaction system effectively reduced reaction temperature, time and pressure of supercritical conditions. It required a very low concentration to mitigate the harsh operation conditions (290 ○ C, 15 MPa, 60 min) of the scMeOH process. On the other hand, supercritical reaction compensated for low conversion rate of solid catalytic transesterification whereby, it takes one step further byimproving the role of catalyst with supercritical conditions to achieve higher yield and shorter processing time. The reusability of CaLaO mixed oxide catalyst for repeated use was tested, the catalytic activity was >80 % when the catalyst was employed for fourth time. The study concluded that slight leaching of Ca 2+ (0.52~6.07 ppm) and La 3+ (0.34~2.33 ppm) occurred during transesterification reaction, however it is below acceptable levels of metals as ASTM D6751 (United State) and in Europe, EN 14214 (Europe) standards. This proved that heterogeneous catalytic supercritical reaction process is more promising than non-catalytic processes and it can be turned to practical use in the near future.

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Section: Catalyst Reactivity Toward Transesterification Sub-and Supersupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Effect Of Methanol To Oil Molar Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Dosagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Dosagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil with Ca and La mixed oxide catalyst in near supercritical methanol conditions

Teo

Goto

Taufiq‐Yap

2015

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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Biodiesel production from crude palm oil under subcritical methanol conditions: Experimental investigation and kinetic model

Farobie

Sutarlan

Sucahyo

et al. 2023

Bioresource Technology Reports

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Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Catalyst

et al. 2021

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The objective of this study was to prepare bifunctional catalysts based on iron and CaO and test them in the biodiesel production using waste cooking oil (WCO) as feedstock. Two iron precursors were studied, Fe2O3 and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O. The identified crystalline phases were Ca2Fe2O5 and CaFeO3. Surface morphology and textural properties (distribution of active species, specific surface area, size, and pore volume) were also analyzed. Additionally, thermal stability was studied and 800 °C was established as the optimum calcination temperature. The density of both acidic and basic sites was higher with the catalyst prepared with Fe2O3 than with that prepared with Fe(NO3)3·9H2O. The latter, however, leads to reach equilibrium in half of the time than with the former. This was ascribed to the ratio of acidic to basic sites, which is higher with the catalyst prepared with the precursor salt. This ratio not only affects the overall cost of the process by affecting the time at which equilibrium is reached but also by dictating the methanol/oil molar ratio at which the equilibrium is reached sooner. The prepared bifunctional catalyst allowed us to produce biodiesel with 90% of methyl ester content at atmospheric pressure, reaction temperature of 60 °C, reaction time of 2 h, with 12:1 M ratio of methanol/WCO, 10 wt % of Fe over CaO, and a catalyst loading of 5 wt %. This catalyst can be used at least 3 times. The so-obtained biodiesel met the European norm EN-14214 regarding viscosity and density.

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Transesterification of Vegetables Oil Using Suband Supercritical Methanol

Abstract: A benign process, non catalytic transesterification in sub and supercritical methanol method was used to prepare biodiesel from vegetables oil. The experiment was carried out in batch type reactor (8.8 ml capacity, stainless steel, AKICO, JAPAN)

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil with Ca and La mixed oxide catalyst in near supercritical methanol conditions

Biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil with Ca and La mixed oxide catalyst in near supercritical methanol conditions

Biodiesel production from crude palm oil under subcritical methanol conditions: Experimental investigation and kinetic model

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Catalyst

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