Transfer and trapping of excitation energy in Photosystem II as studied by chlorophyll a2 fluorescence quenching by dinitrobenzene and carotenoid triplet. The matrix model

Sonneveld, Arie; Rademaker, Henk; Duysens, L.N.M.

doi:10.1016/0005-2728(80)90065-1

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It has been shown that quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by DNB involves no irreversible damage, as fluorescence yield can be restored on the removal of DNB (Sonneveld et al 1980). The characteristics of DNB quenching have been used extensively to study the organisation of the light harvesting apparatus (e.g., Sonneveld et al 1980, Kischkoweit et al 1988, Lavorel and Joliot 1972.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results obtained have been compared with theoretical predictions from the Butler model of energy transfer at PS 2 Kitajima 1975, Butler 1984), which distinguishes between excitation dissipation in the antenna and light harvesting complexes (antenna quenching), and dissipation at the reaction centres (reaction centre quenching). In addition the results have been compared with the effects of the artificial fluorescence quencher m-dinitrobenzene (DNB) which is considered to create quenching centres throughout the light harvesting apparatus and should therefore be a good model for antenna quenching (Sonneveld et al 1980, Kischkowet et al 1988). qz was studied in barley leaves, cells of the green alga Dunaliella C9AA and in pea chloroplasts and thylakoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of high-energy-state excitation quenching on maximum and dark level chlorophyll fluorescence yield

1990

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The quenching of variable fluorescence yield (qN) and the quenching of dark level fluorescence yield (q0) directly atributable to high-energy-state fluorescence quenching (qE) was studied to distinguish between energy dissipation in the antenna and light harvesting complexes (antenna quenching) and energy dissipation at the reaction centres (reaction centre quenching). A consistent relationship was obtained between qN and q0 in barley leaves, the green alga Dunaliella C9AA and in pea thylakoids with 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-p-phenylene diamine (DAD) as mediator of cyclic electron flow around PS 1. This correlated well with the relationship obtained using m-dinitrobenzene (DNB), a chemical model for antenna quenching, to quench fluorescence in Dunaliella C9AA or pea thylakoids. The results also correlated reasonably well with theoretical predictions by the Butler model for antenna quenching, but did not correlate with the predictions for reaction centre quenching. It is postulated that qE quenching therefore occures in the antenna and light harvesting complexes, and that the small deviation from the Butler prediction is due to PS 2 heterogeneity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of high-energy-state excitation quenching on maximum and dark level chlorophyll fluorescence yield

1990

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“…To accommodate the quenching characterofboth P680+ and QA, Sonneveld et al (14,15) assumed that the most fluorescent state of PSII is PQ4 (where P represents P680).…”

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confidence: 99%

Insight into the relationship of chlorophyll a fluorescence yield to the concentration of its natural quenchers in oxygenic photosynthesis.

Shinkarev

Govindjee

1993

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Fluorescence of chlorophyll a (Chia) is a noninvasive and very sensitive intrinsic probe of photosynthesis. It monitors the composition and orgnization of the photosystems, the exciton energy tfer, the photochemistry, [2] where kp is the bimolecular rate constant for PSII photochemistry.In PSII, light initiates the electron transfer from the primary Chla donor (P680) to the primary electron acceptor pheophytin (Pheo), forming P680+ and Pheo-(5). The latter transfers its electron to QA, which, when reduced, transfers it to the secondary quinone acceptor (QB). Unlike QA, which is a one-electron carrier, QB is a two-electron acceptor (see ref. 6). Plastoquinol (QBH2), generated after a double turnover ofPSII, then exchanges with an oxidized molecule ofthe plastoquinone pool (see review in ref. 7). This two-step process, also called the two-electron gate, leads to a period 2 oscillation in Chla fluorescence yield because electron flow from Qi to QB is faster than that from Q; to Qi (8). On the other hand, P680+, produced in the photochemical reaction ofPSII, transfers its positive charge to a manganese complex (its redox state being labeled as S), via an intermediate, Yz (a tyrosine moiety). Here, however, four positive charges must accumulate before water is oxidized to molecular 02. This leads to a periodicity of 4 in the 02 evolution when measured as a function of flash number (e.g., ref. 9; reviews in refs. 10 and 11).An increase in the Chla fluorescence yield after short flashes in the nanosecond to submicrosecond time range (12) suggested that P680+ is also a quencher of Chla fluorescence (13). To accommodate the quenching characterofboth P680+ and QA, Sonneveld et al. (14,15) assumed that the most fluorescent state of PSII is PQ4 (where P represents P680).With such an assumption, it was easy to explain the dependence ofthe rate ofChla fluorescence-yield changes upon the redox state of not only the acceptor side, but also the donor side, ofP51 (16). Depending on the experimental conditions, one can observe, when plants are exposed to a series of flashes, a periodicity of4 in the fast (microsecond) (17,18) or in the slow (millisecond and second) components of Chla fluorescence yield (18,19) as affected by the four-step charge-accumulating process in the oxygen-evolving complex. The flash number-dependent period 4 oscillation in the Chla fluorescence yield is explained by the different rate of Abbreviations: Chl, chlorophyll; PSII, photosystem II; P680 (or P), electron donor of PSII; QA, primary one-electron quinone acceptor of PSII; QB, secondary two-electron quinone acceptor; Sk, chargeaccumulating state on the donor side of PSI1 (where k is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4); Y., a tyrosine of PSII that is the electron donor to P680+. tOn leave

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“…1-5, the values of Fo, Fm and therefore Fv/Fm were unaffected by inhibition, indicating that the antenna seems not to be involved in the regulatory phenomenon reported here. This was further confirmed by a series of experiments using DNB as an homogeneous quencher of excitation energy in the antenna (Sonneveld et al 1979). DNB did not affect photochemistry as demonstrated by the fact that it did not affect electron transport from H20 to dimethylbenzoquinone nor to methylviologen, under saturating light intensity conditions (Table 3).…”

Section: Electron Acceptormentioning

confidence: 65%

“…This evidence is against the involvement of qE or state 1-state 2 transition in this phenomenon, since both induced substantial quenching of Fo and Fm. b) The addition of a quencher such as DNB, known to quench homogeneously fluorescence in the antenna (Sonneveld et al 1979), at a concentration quenching ca. 70% of the Fm did not affect the inhibition by preillumination nor its reversal by nigericin (compare Figs.…”

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Inhibition of Photosystem 2 primary photochemistry by photogenerated protons

Finazzi¹,

Bianchi

Vianelli³

et al. 1995

Photosynth Res

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Photosystem 2 photochemical efficiency, measured as the rate of Qa reduction, was observed to be inhibited by preillumination with single turnover flashes, whilst Fo and Fm were not affected. Such inhibition was reversed by the uncoupler nigericin or by incubating the thylakoids in the dark for ca. 2 min after the preillumination. The presence of ATP in micromolar concentrations increased the time of dark recovery from the inhibition. The inhibition of fluorescence rise was not changed when 70% of the excitation energy available in the antenna was quenched by dinitrobenzene. Quantitative analysis of the observed fluorescence induction indicates that this phenomenon is due to the inhibition of the photochemical reaction itself. Uncouplers such NH4Cl were unable to reverse the inhibition and only a few flashes of saturating intensity (10 or less) were required for the onset of it. This suggests that protons localised in domains rather than a pH gradient between the thylakoid lumen bulk solution and the external one are involved in this regulation of PS 2 efficiency.

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Transfer and trapping of excitation energy in Photosystem II as studied by chlorophyll a2 fluorescence quenching by dinitrobenzene and carotenoid triplet. The matrix model

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

The effect of high-energy-state excitation quenching on maximum and dark level chlorophyll fluorescence yield

The effect of high-energy-state excitation quenching on maximum and dark level chlorophyll fluorescence yield

Insight into the relationship of chlorophyll a fluorescence yield to the concentration of its natural quenchers in oxygenic photosynthesis.

Inhibition of Photosystem 2 primary photochemistry by photogenerated protons

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