Transfer of Blastobacter natatorius (Sly 1985) to the Genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov.

Sly, Lindsay I.; Cahill, Marian M.

doi:10.1099/00207713-47-2-566

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This close relationship between symbiotic and non-plant-associated organisms is similar to the close relationship described between symbiotic and non-symbiotic isolates from the rhizosphere of Lotus corniculatus (Sullivan et al, 1996). Both Agromonas oligotrophica and Blastobacter denitrificans are validly published species, although the status of the genus Blastobacter is unclear because no strains are available of the type species Blastobacter henricii (Hugenholtz et al, 1994 ;Sly & Cahill, 1997). DNA-DNA hybridizations are required to resolve relationships within this subcluster in more detail.…”

Section: The Embl Accession Number For the 16s Rdna Of Bradyrhizobiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of Bradyrhizobium species.

Willems¹,

Coopman²,

Gillis³

2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

103

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The 16S rDNA sequence of Bradyrhizobium liaoningense was determined and analysed together with sequences of other Bradyrhizobium species and related taxa. In addition, DNA-DNA hybridizations were performed between representative strains of the three Bradyrhizobium species. Bradyrhizobium liaoningense is genotypically highly related to Bradyrhizobium japonicum, whereas Bradyrhizobium elkanii is more distantly related to these two species. The fact that Afipia, Agromonas, Blastobacter, Nitrobacter and Rhodopseudomonas are phylogenetically more closely related to Bradyrhizobium japonicum than to Bradyrhizobium elkanii is discussed.Keywords : Bradyrhizobium, 16S rDNA phylogeny, DNA-DNA hybridizationsThe genus Bradyrhizobium was created for the slowgrowing members of the genus Rhizobium (Jordan, 1982) and initially contained one species, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, for isolates from Glycine. Other isolates and groups were included in the genus, but not given a formal species status. They were referred to as Bradyrhizobium sp., with the host plant usually listed in parentheses. Using DNA-DNA hybridizations, Hollis et al. (1981) described three homology groups among Rhizobium japonicum strains. Groups I and Ia correspond to the current species Bradyrhizobium japonicum. For group II, a separate species, Bradyrhizobium elkanii, was later proposed on the basis of genotypic and phenotypic results (Kuykendall et al., 1992). Finally, a third species, Bradyrhizobium liaoningense, was proposed for a group of extra-slowgrowing Glycine isolates which were both phenotypically and genotypically distinct from the other two species (Xu et al., 1995). This report included the partial 16S rDNA sequence (260 bp, positions 44-337) of Bradyrhizobium liaoningense strain 2062, which was identical to the sequence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110. In view of these findings, assessment of the phylogenetic position of Bradyrhizobium liaoningense requires at least the determination of its complete 16S rDNA sequence. Phylogenetic relationships

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Section: The Embl Accession Number For the 16s Rdna Of Bradyrhizobiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of Bradyrhizobium species.

Willems¹,

Coopman²,

Gillis³

2001

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

103

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“…Therefore, Hugenholtz et al (9) suggested that, with the exception of B. aggregatus and B. capsulatus, the different species should not be incorporated into the same genus. As a solution to the problems in the taxonomy in Blastobacter, Sly and Cahill (22) proposed that new genera be created for the validated species and transferred the type strain for B. natatorius to the new genus Blastomonas as the type strain Blastomonas natatoria. Therefore, from our results it would seem justified that the type strain for B. denitrificans (IFAM 1005, LMG 8443) either be transferred to an existing genus or become the type strain for a new genus.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aquatic Budding Bacterium Blastobacter denitrificans Is a Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiont of Aeschynomene indica

Berkum

Eardly

2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Blastobacter spp. are freshwater bacteria that form rosette structures by cellular attachment to a common base. Comparative analyses of ribosomal 16S rRNA gene and internally transcribed spacer region sequences indicated that B. denitrificans is a member of the ␣-subdivision of Proteobacteria. Among the ␣-Proteobacteria, B. denitrificans was related to a cluster of genera, including Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Afipia felis, Nitrobacter hamburgensis, and Bradyrhizobium spp. Although the precise phylogenetic relationships among these genera could not be established with a high degree of confidence, the sequences of B. denitrificans and several bradyrhizobial isolates from nodules of Aeschynomene indica were almost identical. Bradyrhizobia are bacteria that form nitrogen-fixing symbioses with legumes, including soybeans (Glycine max) and members of the genus Aeschynomene. From symbiotic infectiveness tests we demonstrated that the type strain for B. denitrificans, IFAM 1005, was capable of forming an effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with A. indica. Not only do these results reveal a previously unknown ecological adaptation of a relatively obscure aquatic bacterium, but they also demonstrate how evidence gathered from molecular systematic analyses can sometimes provide clues for predicting ecological behavior.Comparative sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA genes are widely used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among bacteria (15). A remarkable degree of ecological diversity exists within subgroup 2b of the ␣-Proteobacteria (9) because members include nitrogen-fixing symbionts of leguminous plants (Bradyrhizobium spp.), mammalian pathogens (Afipia spp.), nitrifying soil bacteria (Nitrobacter spp.), phototrophic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas palustris), and the aquatic bud-and cluster-forming freshwater bacterium Blastobacter denitrificans (25).Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium elkanii are most frequently associated with the formation of a nitrogenfixing symbiosis with soybean. Perhaps it is no surprise that the stem-nodulating symbiotic bacteria of the flood-tolerant legume Aeschynomene indica (2, 29) are closely related to Bradyrhizobium japonicum, as estimated from 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence (17,33,34). However, from these reconstructions it also has been shown that Bradyrhizobium japonicum appears to be more closely related to the other genera of subgroup 2b than it is to Bradyrhizobium elkanii (25).Not only does this indicate that the ecological adaptations within this group are poor indicators of phylogenetic relatedness, but it also implies that the genus Bradyrhizobium is polyphyletic.The central focus of this study initially was to confirm the phylogenetic placement of bradyrhizobial isolates of A. indica since they reportedly are more closely related to Bradyrhizobium japonicum and other nonbradyrhizobial members of subgroup 2b than they are to Bradyrhizobium elkanii (17). From our analysis, which included type strains representing the named genera in the ␣-subdivision subgroup 2b, we...

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“…Cells of M. luteus are gram positive, coccus shaped, arranged in clusters of tetrads, and nonmotile. S. natatoria is indigenous to freshwater environments (55) and has been isolated from swimming pools, deepice boreholes, and drinking water systems (1,50,56). Cells are gram negative, are rod shaped, and have the propensity to form rosettes containing 4 to 14 cells (55).…”

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confidence: 99%

Coaggregation by the Freshwater Bacterium Sphingomonas natatoria Alters Dual-Species Biofilm Formation

Min

Rickard

2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Coaggregation is hypothesized to enhance freshwater biofilm development. To investigate this hypothesis, the ability of the coaggregating bacterium Sphingomonas natatoria to form single-and dual-species biofilms was studied and compared to that of a naturally occurring spontaneous coaggregation-deficient variant. Attachment assays using metabolically inactive cells were performed using epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Under static and flowing conditions, coaggregating S. natatoria 2.1gfp cells adhered to glass surfaces to form diaphanous single-species biofilms. When glass surfaces were precoated with coaggregation partner Micrococcus luteus 2.13 cells, S. natatoria 2.1gfp cells formed densely packed dual-species biofilms. The addition of 80 mM galactosamine, which reverses coaggregation, mildly reduced adhesion to glass but inhibited the interaction and attachment to glass-surface-attached M. luteus 2. In nature, most biofilms are not composed of one bacterial species but instead contain multiple species (24). These multispecies communities can be responsible for the fouling of ships (9, 44), the corrosion of liquid-carrying vessels (3, 14), and chronic infections in higher organisms (41,42,57). Recent research has demonstrated that in order for multispecies biofilm communities to develop, interbacterial communication is often essential (62) and facilitates the coordination of bacterial activities to promote the formation and to maintain the integrity of multispecies biofilm communities (28,32,60). Interspecies communication can be mediated by chemical or physical means. Mechanisms for chemical communication between different species include the secretion and uptake of metabolic by-products (11, 19), the exchange of genetic material (40), and the production and recognition of interspecies signal molecules such as short peptides (36) and autoinducer-2 (10). Mechanisms for interspecies physical communication can involve cell surface structures such as flagella or fimbriae (31, 48) and also include nonspecific adhesion between bacterial species (5) as well as highly specific coaggregations mediated by lectin-saccharide interactions (48).Coaggregation, the highly specific recognition and adhesion of different bacterial species to one another, was first discovered to occur between human oral bacteria in 1970 (23). Since then, research has shown that coaggregation occurs between specific bacterial species in environments other than the human oral cavity (48). Coaggregation interactions have been detected between bacteria isolated from canine dental plaque (21), the crop of chickens (61), the human female urogenital tract (30), the human intestine (34), and wastewater and freshwater biofilms (27,37,53). In particular, Buswell et al. (8) first demonstrated that coaggregation occurred between 19 freshwater strains that were isolated from a drinking water biofilm. Further studies by Rickard et al. demonstrated that coaggregation between these 19 strains was mediated by growth-phasedependent lectin...

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Transfer of Blastobacter natatorius (Sly 1985) to the Genus Blastomonas gen. nov. as Blastomonas natatoria comb. nov.

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Phylogenetic and DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of Bradyrhizobium species.

Phylogenetic and DNA-DNA hybridization analyses of Bradyrhizobium species.

The Aquatic Budding Bacterium Blastobacter denitrificans Is a Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiont of Aeschynomene indica

Coaggregation by the Freshwater Bacterium Sphingomonas natatoria Alters Dual-Species Biofilm Formation

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