Transfer of IgG from Serum to Lachrymal Fluid in Chickens

Abstract

Pure 125I-radiolabeled chicken IgG was inoculated intravenously into 2-week old chickens. Radioactivity in lachrymal fluid samples was first detected 10 minutes postinoculation (PI). Radioactivity levels declined up to day 20 PI, when they reached marginal levels. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by autoradiography of lachrymal fluid samples, taken daily for 16 days, showed the presence of radioactive polypeptides in the same positions as their stained control counterparts at molecular weights corresponding to heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins. Radiolabeled IgG also was detected in serum samples of the inoculated chickens. SDS-PAGE followed by autoradiography of lachrymal samples taken until day 16 PI showed similar results. These results demonstrate that transfer of IgG from serum to lachrymal fluid does occur in chickens.

Correlates of Immune Protection in Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strain GT5 following Challenge with Pathogenic M. gallisepticum Strain R low

“…Antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin has been shown to confer protection against air sac lesions when hightiter M. gallisepticum-specific antiserum was passively transferred to naive chickens (21). There is also evidence of transudation of serum antibodies onto mucosal surfaces (33,34). The similar kinetics of specific IgG in the tracheal washes (Fig.…”

A comparison of methods of inducing lachrymation and tear collection in chickens for detection of virus-specific immuoglobulins after infection with infectious bronchitis virus

“…Finally, the tears may have been over-diluted, since the elution was done according to a protocol established for blood (Thangavelu et al ., 2000). This is probable, as the amounts of IgG in the tears, mostly due to transudation (Toro et al , 1993), are likely to be less concentrated than the blood.…”

“…Hence, various researchers have studied the role of the Harderian gland in IBV-infected chickens and the presence of antibodies in the lachrymal fluid (Survashe et al ., 1979;Davelaar et al ., 1982;Cook et al ., 1992;Toro et al , 1993;Dhinakar Raj & Jones, 1996;Toro et al ., 1996). In order to do this, especially in young chicks, the induction of excess lachrymal fluid is essential and two main methods are commonly used.…”

“…In order to do this, especially in young chicks, the induction of excess lachrymal fluid is essential and two main methods are commonly used. One is the application of a few crystals of sodium chloride to the eyes (Toro et al , 1993(Toro et al , , 1996Dhinakar Raj & Jones, 1996;Heckert et al ., 2002) and the other requires the intramuscular injection of carbachol (Aitken et al ., 1975;Cook et al ., 1992). Salt application is cheap, simple to perform, excess lachrymation occurs almost immediately and the chicks recover from the initial irritation very quickly.…”

Induction of respiratory immune responses in the chicken; implications for development of mucosal avian influenza virus vaccines

“…Olah et al (1996) found that the ASC produce mainly IgA and IgM, whereas Jeurissen et al (1994) showed the presence of a considerable number of IgY-producing cells. Locally produced Ig of all isotypes appears in tears together with IgY transudated from serum (Toro et al 1993), thus protecting the upper RT. The ASC are present in comparable numbers in chickens raised under SPF and under conventional conditions (Bang and Bang 1968).…”