Transfer of radiocaesium from soil and plants to reindeer in Iceland

Pálsson, S.E.; Egilsson, K.; Pórisson, S.; Magnússon, Sigurður M.; Ólafsdóttir, E.D.; Indri∂ason, K.

doi:10.1016/0265-931x(94)90048-5

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The association of radionuclide activity in soil and epigeic lichens was not considered. Studies performed in Denmark (Strandberg 1994), Iceland (Pálsson et al 1994), and Norway (Skuterud et al 2005), however, demonstrated the implausibility of the transfer of 137 Cs from soil to lichens. The concentrations of 137 Cs activity in lichens declined due to washout, dilution by growth, and removal of contaminated parts by grazing reindeer (Skuterud et al 2005).…”

Section: The Chernobyl Accidentmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A comparison of the 137 Cs concentrations in two lichens grazed by reindeer in Iceland found higher concentrations in Cetraria delisei than in Flavocetraria islandica (Pálsson et al 1994). Although similar in structure and appearance, C. delisei was observed to be smaller and to have consequently a larger surface area per unit of mass.…”

Section: The Chernobyl Accidentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A report presented by Mitchell et al (1998) of different radionuclides such as curium (Cm) detected in soil and in lichens excluded, however, the relevant data of lichen identity and substrate. Several studies dealt with radionuclides in epigeic lichens providing forage, and in soil, in Nordic countries (Varskog et al 1994;Pálsson et al 1994;Outola et al 2003;Skuterud et al 2005;Dowdall et al 2005;Korobova et al 2007;Lehto et al 2008).…”

Section: The Chernobyl Accidentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lichens and Particulate Matter: Inter-relations and Biomonitoring with Lichens

Garty

Garty-Spitz

2014

Recent Advances in Lichenology

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Section: The Chernobyl Accidentmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: The Chernobyl Accidentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Chernobyl Accidentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lichens and Particulate Matter: Inter-relations and Biomonitoring with Lichens

Garty

Garty-Spitz

2014

Recent Advances in Lichenology

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“…The fallout reached a maximum in about 1965. Additional fallout from the Chernobyl accident in 1986 was minor in Iceland (Palsson et al, 1994). Measurements of radiocaesium fallout in precipitation in Iceland began in 1958.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Radiocaesium fallout behaviour in volcanic soils in Iceland

Sigurgeirsson¹,

Pálsson²,

Howard

et al. 2005

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…23,24,25,26,27,28,29 Among the rooted plants, brome and desert globemallow species tended to accumulate higher Pu concentrations than the slower growing creosote bush, fourwing saltbush and sagebrush. Species are listed by location in Table 4 to account for site specific Pu concentrations.…”

Section: Radionuclide and Elemental Levels In Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plutonium uptake and behavior in vegetation of the desert southwest: A preliminary assessment

et al. 2011

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Eight species of desert vegetation and associated soils were collected from the Nevada National Security Site (N2S2) and analyzed for 238Pu and 239 + 240Pu concentrations. Amongst the plant species sampled were: atmospheric elemental accumulators (moss and lichen), the very slow growing, long-lived creosote bush and the rapidly growing, short-lived cheatgrass brome. The diversity of growth strategies provided insight into the geochemical behavior and bio-availability of Pu at the N2S2. The highest concentrations of Pu were measured in the onion moss (24.27 Bq kg-1 238Pu and 52.78 Bq kg-1 239 + 240Pu) followed by the rimmed navel lichen (8.18 Bq kg-1 and 18.4 Bq kg-1 respectively), pointing to the importance of eolian transport of Pu. Brome and desert globemallow accumulated between 3 and 9 times higher concentrations of Pu than creosote and sage brush species. These results support the importance of species specific elemental accumulation strategies rather than exposure duration as the dominant variable influencing Pu concentrations in these plants. Total vegetation elemental concentrations of Ce, Fe, Al, Sm and others were also analyzed. Strong correlations were observed between Fe and Pu. This supports the conclusion that Pu was accumulated as a consequence of the active accumulation of Fe and other plant required nutrients. Cerium and Pu are considered to be chemical analogs. Strong correlations observed in plants support the conclusion that these elements displayed similar geochemical behavior in the environment as it related to the biochemical uptake process of vegetation. Soils were also sampled in association with vegetation samples. This allowed for the calculation of a concentration ratio (CR). The CR values for Pu in plants were highly influenced by the heterogeneity of Pu distribution among sites. Results from the naturally occurring elements of concern were more evenly distributed between sample sites. This allowed for the development of a pattern of plant species that accumulated Ce, Sm, Fe and Al. The highest accumulators of these elements were onion moss, lichen flowed by brome. The lowest accumulators were creosote bush and fourwing saltbush. This ranked order corresponds to plant accumulations of Pu.

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Transfer of radiocaesium from soil and plants to reindeer in Iceland

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Lichens and Particulate Matter: Inter-relations and Biomonitoring with Lichens

Lichens and Particulate Matter: Inter-relations and Biomonitoring with Lichens

Radiocaesium fallout behaviour in volcanic soils in Iceland

Plutonium uptake and behavior in vegetation of the desert southwest: A preliminary assessment

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