Transfer of tropane alkaloids (atropine and scopolamine) into the milk of subclinically exposed dairy cows

Lamp, Julika; Knappstein, Karin; Walte, Hans-Georg; Krause, Torsten; Steinberg, Pablo; Schwake-Anduschus, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108056

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For comparison, Mulder et al reported a LOQ of 0.1 µg/L, Huybrechts and Callebaut LOQ values from 0.003 to 0.033 µg/kg, and Chung and Lam LOQ values from 0.010 to 0.087 µg/kg for PA/ PANO [21,24,44]. Lamp et al reported a LOQ of 0.075 µg/kg for a method developed only for atropine and scopolamine [20].…”

Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For ragwort, jacoline was found to be the main PA/PANO detected in the milk of dairy cows, although being only a minor component of the initial plant material [18,19]. Regarding TA, the transfer of atropine and scopolamine from feed to raw milk of dairy cows was recently described, with transfer rates of 0.037 and 0.007%, respectively [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for isomer separation and quantitative determination of 51 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and two tropane alkaloids in cow’s milk

et al. 2022

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Abstract1,2-Unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA), their corresponding N-oxides (PANO), and tropane alkaloids (TA) are toxic secondary plant metabolites. Their possible transfer into the milk of dairy cows has been studied in feeding trials; however, only few data on the occurrence of these toxins in milk are available. In this study, the development of a sensitive analytical approach for the simultaneous detection and quantification of a broad range of 54 PA/PANO as well as of the TA atropine and scopolamine in milk of dairy cows is presented. The method optimisation focused on sensitivity and separation of PA/PANO isomers. Milk samples were extracted using liquid–liquid extraction with aqueous formic acid and n-hexane, followed by a cation-exchange solid-phase extraction for purification. Reversed phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis was performed using alkaline solvent conditions. Validation proved low limits of detection and quantification of 0.005 to 0.054 µg/L and of 0.009 to 0.123 µg/L, respectively. For 51 of the 54 tested PA/PANO and both TA, the recovery rates ranged from 64 to 127% with repeatability (RSDr) values below 15% at concentration levels of 0.05 and 0.50 µg/L and below 8% at a concentration level of 3.00 µg/L. Only three PANO did not match the validation criteria and were therefore regarded as semiquantitative. The final method was applied to 15 milk samples obtained from milk vending stations at farms and from local marketers in Bavaria, Germany. In three of the milk samples, traces of PA were detected. Graphical abstract

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Section: Methods Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for isomer separation and quantitative determination of 51 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and two tropane alkaloids in cow’s milk

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, exposure to these toxins is usually mainly through feed contaminated with TAs or through waters contaminated with TA drugs that end up in rivers and are consumed by animals [30]. In a recent study by Lamp et al [31], the transfer of TAs from feed to milk was demonstrated in cattle for the first time. These authors conclude that since the mixing of various raw milk leads to a dilution of possible TAs, the occurrence of dairy products contaminated in the market can most probably be disregarded, but the situation might be different when raw milk is sold on the farm.…”

Section: Animal-derived Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Chemistry of Tropane Alkaloids in Foods, with a Focus on Sample Analysis Methods: A Review on Recent Trends and Technological Advances

González-Gómez

Morante‐Zarcero

Pérez-Quintanilla

et al. 2022

Foods

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Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are natural toxins produced by different plants, mainly from the Solanaceae family. The interest in TAs analysis is due to the serious cases of poisoning that are produced due to the presence of TA-producing plants in a variety of foods. For this reason, in recent years, different analytical methods have been reported for their control. However, the complexity of the matrices makes the sample preparation a critical step for this task. Therefore, this review has focused on (a) collecting the available data in relation to the occurrence of TAs in foods for human consumption and (b) providing the state of the art in food sample preparation (from 2015 to today). Regarding the different food categories, cereals and related products and teas and herbal teas have been the most analyzed. Solid–liquid extraction is still the technique most widely used for sample preparation, although other extraction and purification techniques such as solid-phase extraction or QuEChERS procedure, based on the use of sorbents for extract or clean-up step, are being applied since they allow cleaner extracts. On the other hand, new materials (molecularly imprinted polymers, mesostructured silica-based materials, metal–organic frameworks) are emerging as sorbents to develop effective extraction and purification methods that allow lower limits and matrix effects, being a future trend for the analysis of TAs.

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“…Clinical symptoms include pupil dilatation, dryness of the mouth mucosa, indigestions, respiratory depression, as well as central nervous system-mediated effects like restlessness and seizures. Moreover these alkaloids can be transferred to the milk (Lamp et al, 2021).…”

Section: Plant Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic plants in grasslands in the Netherlands

Groot

2022

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Transfer of tropane alkaloids (atropine and scopolamine) into the milk of subclinically exposed dairy cows

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for isomer separation and quantitative determination of 51 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and two tropane alkaloids in cow’s milk

A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for isomer separation and quantitative determination of 51 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and two tropane alkaloids in cow’s milk

Occurrence and Chemistry of Tropane Alkaloids in Foods, with a Focus on Sample Analysis Methods: A Review on Recent Trends and Technological Advances

Toxic plants in grasslands in the Netherlands

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