Transfer processes of potential toxic elements (PTE) between rock-soil systems and soil risk evaluation in the Baoshan area, Yunnan Province, Southwest China

Abstract

Transfer processes of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) between rock-soil systems and soil risk evaluation in the Baoshan area, Yunnan province, Southwest China. Applied Geochemistry.

Concentration and Spatial Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in Surface Soil of a Peak-Cluster Depression, Babao Town, Yunnan Province, China

“…This may be why Cluster 3 (soil samples affected by carbon rock) had the second-highest Corg and TC values ( Figure 5 ). Soils in carbonate rock area can have high Corg contents [ 33 ]. Meanwhile, the carbonate rock areas had the highest Mn content and the second-highest TFe 2 O 3 content in the soil ( Figure 5 ).…”

“…The PTEs that were not evacuated would be significantly enriched in the weathering residue [ 3 ]. Those PTEs would have undergone coprecipitation or adsorption by Fe oxy-hydroxides [ 33 ] and Mn oxy-hydroxides [ 39 ] in residual soil. Meanwhile, higher pH and Corg values can lead to increased adsorption or co-precipitation with oxides/hydroxides of cations of PTEs [ 40 ].…”

Contamination Levels and the Ecological and Human Health Risks of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Soil of Baoshan Area, Southwest China

“…Anthropogenic activities are generally regarded as being the primary source of PTEs in the soil in highly developed, urbanized and industrial urban areas [46][47][48][49], mining areas [5,[50][51][52], or agricultural sectors [41,53]. However, a large body of research on this subject supports the importance of the geological background in contributing to higher PTE contents in soil [2,[33][34][35][36][37]54,55].…”

“…The PTE levels in soil are frequently elevated due to mineral resources (such as Cu, Pb, Zn, and Hg), as well as carbonate and basalt parent materials [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. This phenomenon can be observed in the soils of the Baoshan area in Yunnan province, southwest China, where mineral resources and carbonate and basalt parent materials are widely distributed [54,55,64]. Previous study has shown the concentrations and the distribution of selected elements (including PTEs) in the soil and river sediments of the Baoshan area, based on the data from the 1: 250,000 scale National Geochemistry Survey of Land Quality project (NGSLQ) and archived river sediment samples collected and analyzed in the Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance (RGNR) program based in this area (6220 km 2 ) [54].…”

“…Previous study has shown the concentrations and the distribution of selected elements (including PTEs) in the soil and river sediments of the Baoshan area, based on the data from the 1: 250,000 scale National Geochemistry Survey of Land Quality project (NGSLQ) and archived river sediment samples collected and analyzed in the Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance (RGNR) program based in this area (6220 km 2 ) [54]. The distribution of PTEs in surface and deep soil are mainly influenced by natural factors (basic igneous rocks, carbonate rocks, and mineralization), while the surface soil near mining areas is aggravated by mining related activities in the Baoshan area [54,55]. The environmental ecological risks of the soil and the human health risks connected with PTEs, as well as these risks' spatial distribution, have not been designated in the Baoshan area.…”