Transferability of Cupped Oyster EST (Expressed Sequence Tag)-Derived SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) Markers to Related Crassostrea and Ostrea Species

Abstract

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widely acknowledged as the marker of choice for many genetic and genomic applications because they show co-dominant inheritance, are highly abundant across genomes and are suitable for high-throughput genotyping. Here we evaluated the applicability of SNP markers developed from Crassostrea gigas and C. virginica expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in closely related Crassostrea and Ostrea species. A total of 213 putative interspecific level SNPs were identified from re-sequencing data in six amplicons, yielding on average of one interspecific level SNP per seven bp. High polymorphism levels were observed and the high success rate of transferability show that genic EST-derived SNP markers provide an efficient method for rapid marker development and SNP discovery in closely related oyster species. The six EST-SNP markers identified here will provide useful molecular tools for addressing questions in molecular ecology and evolution studies including for stock analysis (pedigree monitoring) in related oyster taxa.

8(E)-4-[{2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazono}benzene-1,3-diol] as a solvatochromic Schiff base and chromogenic signaling of water content by its deprotonated form in acetonitrile

“…However, alternative optical methods are quite desirable in terms of convenience and instrument requirements. 11 Selective and sensitive optical signaling systems that utilize multifunctional dye molecules 12 such as merocyanines, 13 avones, 14 chalcone, 15 3-hydroxychromone, 16 naphthalimide 17 and indole derivatives 18 have been developed as probes to sense the water content of commonly used organic solvents. In this case, dye molecules convert a chemical interaction or recognition process into an optically detectable signal.…”