Transformation of Benomyl and Thiophanate-Methyl in Sterilized and Non-Sterilized Soil

Residues of fungicides on greenhouse lettuce

“…The above reported data appear to be in accordance with that of other authors (Van Wambeke et al, 1980;Dejonckheere et al, 1982); therefore, we are led to believe the following: (1) The lettuce cultivated in greenhouses should undergo frequent controls to ascertain whether or not they contain elevated, and toxicologically dangerous, residues.…”

Behavior of acylanilide and dicarboximidic fungicide residues on greenhouse tomatoes

“…This different behavior was much more evident when SDE were compared with DDE. Although previous reports (Dejonckheere et al, 1982;Van Wambeke et al, 1980) state that residues arising from tomatoes sprayed with doublestrength solutions were always higher, only furalaxyl was always found to show such behavior; metalaxyl and benalaxyl had SDE and DDE residues that tended to equalize 13 and 20 days, respectively, after the last spraying. At the moment, we are not able to formulate any hypothesis to explicate such behavior.…”

“…Single Spraying. From the data reported in Table I it was noted that (1) at the preharvest time fixed by Italian laws (Italian Health Department Act, 1979; Table II) a double residue did not correspond to the double-strength spraying for all the fungicides, as other workers found for vinclozolin and iprodione (Vanachter et al, 1979;Van Wambeke et al, 1980), (2) residue values were always lower than the Italian legal limits at the expiry of preharvest times, whether SDE or DDE, (3) values lower than the legal limits were detected for vinclozolin and procymidone 13 days after application, while for iprodione and chlozolinate only 1-2 h after application, (4) the residue disappearance from tomatoes follows a pseudofirst-order kinetic for all the pesticide; their half-life times are reported in Table III.…”

“…b Percentage increase of residue level in RS vs. SS. "Data from Van Wambeke et al (1980) at the 6th day after one single spraying and at the 13th day after the last of three sprayings at the rate reported.…”

“…nachter et al (1979) and Van Wambeke et al (1980) on greenhouse-grown tomatoes. These authors reported an accumulation effect of fungicide residues, due to repeated applications of the same active ingredient (a.i.).…”