Transformation of nitrosamines in soil andin Vitro by soil microorganisms

Mallik, M. A. B.; Tesfai, K.

doi:10.1007/bf01610996

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Early studies showed that NDMA can be degraded by aerobic environmental consortia (Kaplan and Kaplan 1985;Mitch et al 2003) and soil microcosms (Mallik and Testai 1981). These results were confirmed in our laboratory (WES) using 14 C-NDMA (Figure 2.5).…”

Section: Biotic Ndma Degradationsupporting

confidence: 82%

Abiotic and Biotic Mechanisms Controlling In Situ Remediation of NDMA

Szecsody¹,

McKinley²,

Breshears³

et al. 2009

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Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. REPORT DATE MAY 20092. REPORT iii Executive SummaryThis project was initiated to investigate whether in situ coupled abiotic/biotic degradation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA, an emerging contaminant) could be used as a permeable reactive barrier for remediation at the Aerojet, California site, where groundwater contains up to 36-ppb NDMA. The sediment mainly used in experiments is from the Aerojet groundwater aquifer (260-ft depth), with additional sediments from other groundwater aquifers (i.e., not shallow soils, Ft. Lewis, Washington, 60-ft depth, Puchack, New Jersey, 273-ft depth). Different in situ remediation processes were compared in this study: a) biostimulation (oxic, anaerobic, iron-reducing, sulfate-reducing), b) abiotic iron-reducing environment (by dithionite reduction of sediment or zero valent iron addition), c) coupled abiotic/biotic remediation (iron-reducing environment), and d) sequential iron-reducing, then oxic, biostimulation. The overall goal was to understand and optimize the combined effects of abiotic and biotic processes to degrade NDMA to nontoxic products. Iron-reducing conditions were created by chemical reduction of a sediment using sodium dithionite, and in a few cases, a natural reduced aquifer sediment or sediment with zero valent iron addition.When subsurface sediments are chemically or naturally reduced, abiotic surface phase(s) rapidly degraded NDMA (8-hour half-life for high reduction, slower for low reduction) to nontoxic dimethylamine (DMA). Experiments showed up to 80% conversion of NDMA to DMA, with further degradation to nitrate (up to 40% molar conversion), formate (trace concentration) and carbon dioxide (up to 82% molar conversion). Methylamine and formaldehyde (likely intermediates) were not detected. Experiments with 100 and 10 ng/L NDMA starting concentration had a rapid degradation half-life (4.7 hours), and NDMA was degraded to <3 ng/L (detection limit). Although degradation to DMA is sufficient for remediation (DMA is not toxic at <5 mg/L), because NDMA mass was degraded further to more toxic intermediates, NDMA mineralization (i.e., to CO 2 ) was considered the lowest risk product, and was the main focus of this study. NDMA degradation was most rap...

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Section: Biotic Ndma Degradationsupporting

confidence: 82%

Abiotic and Biotic Mechanisms Controlling In Situ Remediation of NDMA

Szecsody¹,

McKinley²,

Breshears³

et al. 2009

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“…One hundred percent of nitrosodiphenylamine was transformed within 10 days in aerobic sediment-water batch cultures amended with wheat straw as a carbon source (Mallick and Tesfai 1981). Eightyseven percent of nitrosodiphenylamine (initial concentrations 5 or 10 mg/L) was transformed within 7 days in aerobic aqueous cultures amended with yeast extract (Tabak et al 1981).…”

Section: Diphenylamine and Nitro-and Nitroso-substituted Transformatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Transport and Fate Process Descriptors for Propellant Compounds

Mirecki¹,

Porter²,

Weiss³

2006

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Sustainable management of Army training ranges requires quantification of the distribution, transport, and fate of munitions constituents (propellants and explosives) in soil, surface and groundwater. Propellant formulations are mixtures consisting of energetic compounds, binders, stabilizers, and burning-rate modifiers. Factors that affect the transport and fate of these diverse compounds include dissolution, sorption, biotransformation, volatilization, and photochemical transformation. This report summarizes the current understanding of these processes, and provides process descriptors for propellant compounds. Results of leaching experiments on representative single-base, double-base, and triple-base propellant mixtures also are presented.

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“…In some studies, the compound has been reported to be recalcitrant or only partially biodegraded (16,30,31); in others, fairly rapid and extensive biodegradation has been previously observed (2,13,22,40). Few studies have been conducted to examine NDMA biodegradation in groundwater.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aerobic Biodegradation of N -Nitrosodimethylamine by the Propanotroph Rhodococcus ruber ENV425

Fournier

Hawari

Halasz

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The propanotroph Rhodococcus ruber ENV425 was observed to rapidly biodegrade N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) after growth on propane, tryptic soy broth, or glucose. The key degradation intermediates were methylamine, nitric oxide, nitrite, nitrate, and formate. Small quantities of formaldehyde and dimethylamine were also detected. A denitrosation reaction, initiated by hydrogen atom abstraction from one of the two methyl groups, is hypothesized to result in the formation of n-methylformaldimine and nitric oxide, the former of which decomposes in water to methylamine and formaldehyde and the latter of which is then oxidized further to nitrite and then nitrate. Although the strain mineralized more than 60% of the carbon in [14 C]NDMA to 14 CO 2 , growth of strain ENV425 on NDMA as a sole carbon and energy source could not be confirmed. The bacterium was capable of utilizing NDMA, as well as the degradation intermediates methylamine and nitrate, as sources of nitrogen during growth on propane. In addition, ENV425 reduced environmentally relevant microgram/liter concentrations of NDMA to <2 ng/liter in batch cultures, suggesting that the bacterium may have applications for groundwater remediation.

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Transformation of nitrosamines in soil andin Vitro by soil microorganisms

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Abiotic and Biotic Mechanisms Controlling In Situ Remediation of NDMA

Abiotic and Biotic Mechanisms Controlling In Situ Remediation of NDMA

Environmental Transport and Fate Process Descriptors for Propellant Compounds

Aerobic Biodegradation of N -Nitrosodimethylamine by the Propanotroph Rhodococcus ruber ENV425

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