Transformation of Receptive Field Properties from Lateral Geniculate Nucleus to Superficial V1 in the Tree Shrew

Hooser, Stephen D. Van; Roy, Arani; Rhodes, Heather J.; Culp, Julie H.; Fitzpatrick, David

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1464-13.2013

Cited by 59 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These depth-negative waves are thought to be results of spontaneous fluctuations of neural populations (Arieli et al 1996;Han et al 2008) through recurrent and lateral projections, leading to strong coordinated spiking discharge and large-amplitude evoked LFP responses. Prominent lateral excitatory connections have indeed been documented in tree shrew V1, where they are thought to contribute to elaboration of orientation selectivity (Chisum et al 2003;Van Hooser et al 2013). Here, LFP events in the desynchronized state were considerably lower in amplitude both during and in the absence of V1 visual stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Basal forebrain activation enhances between-trial reliability of low-frequency local field potentials (LFP) and spiking activity in tree shrew primary visual cortex (V1)

2017

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Brain state has profound effects on neural processing and stimulus encoding in sensory cortices. While the synchronized state is dominated by low-frequency local field potential (LFP) activity, low-frequency LFP power is suppressed in the desynchronized state, where a concurrent enhancement in gamma power is observed. Recently, it has been shown that cortical desynchronization co-occurs with enhanced between-trial reliability of spiking activity in sensory neurons, but it is currently unclear whether this effect is also evident in LFP signals. Here, we address this question by recording both spike trains and LFP in primary visual cortex during natural movie stimulation, and using isoflurane anesthesia and basal forebrain (BF) electrical activation as proxies for synchronized and desynchronized brain states. We show that indeed, low-frequency LFP modulations (''LFP events'') also occur more reliably following BF activation. Interestingly, while being more reliable, these LFP events are smaller in amplitude compared to those generated in the synchronized brain state. We further demonstrate that differences in reliability of spiking activity between cortical states can be linked to amplitude and probability of LFP events. The correlated temporal dynamics between low-frequency LFP and spiking response reliability in visual cortex suggests that these effects may both be the result of the same neural circuit activation triggered by BF stimulation, which facilitates switching between processing of incoming sensory information in the desynchronized and reverberation of internal signals in the synchronized state.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Basal forebrain activation enhances between-trial reliability of low-frequency local field potentials (LFP) and spiking activity in tree shrew primary visual cortex (V1)

2017

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“…8 for summary data). The tree shrew data were taken from a recent study (Van Hooser et al 2013). Both squirrels and tree shrews exhibit relatively poor tuning for orientation in LGN and exhibit a large transformation in orientation selectivity from LGN to cortex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We compare the tuning of LGN neurons to that observed in neurons in squirrel visual cortex by the same authors using the same software/hardware Van Hooser et al 2005) and to that found in neurons in tree shrew LGN and V1 by one of the authors using the same software (Van Hooser et al 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Weak orientation and direction selectivity in lateral geniculate nucleus representing central vision in the gray squirrelSciurus carolinensis

Zaltsman

Heimel

Hooser

2015

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Zaltsman JB, Heimel JA, Van Hooser SD. Weak orientation and direction selectivity in lateral geniculate nucleus representing central vision in the gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis. J Neurophysiol 113: 2987-2997, 2015. First published February 25, 2015 doi:10.1152/jn.00516.2014.-Classic studies of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and visual cortex (V1) in carnivores and primates have found that a majority of neurons in LGN exhibit a center-surround organization, while V1 neurons exhibit strong orientation selectivity and, in many species, direction selectivity. Recent work in the mouse and the monkey has discovered previously unknown classes of orientation-and direction-selective neurons in LGN. Furthermore, some recent studies in the mouse report that many LGN cells exhibit pronounced orientation biases that are of comparable strength to the subthreshold inputs to V1 neurons. These results raise the possibility that, in rodents, orientation biases of individual LGN cells make a substantial contribution to cortical orientation selectivity. Alternatively, the size and contribution of orientation-or direction-selective channels from LGN to V1 may vary across mammals. To address this question, we examined orientation and direction selectivity in LGN and V1 neurons of a highly visual diurnal rodent: the gray squirrel. In the representation of central vision, only a few LGN neurons exhibited strong orientation or direction selectivity. Across the population, LGN neurons showed weak orientation biases and were much less selective for orientation compared with V1 neurons. Although direction selectivity was weak overall, LGN layers 3abc, which contain neurons that express calbindin, exhibited elevated direction selectivity index values compared with LGN layers 1 and 2. These results suggest that, for central visual fields, the contribution of orientation-and directionselective channels from the LGN to V1 is small in the squirrel. As in other mammals, this small contribution is elevated in the calbindinpositive layers of the LGN motion; thalamocortical; thalamus; striate cortex; area 17; lateral geniculate body; lateral geniculate bodies

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“…25% in rabbit; Caldwell and Daw, 1978) have either few (1%; Swadlow and Weyand, 1985) or no (squirrel; Van Hooser et al, 2003) such neurons in the LGN. Further, it appears that the initial processing neuron in the visual cortex of the tree shrew (Van Hooser et al, 2013) and probably all primates is dominated by concentric neurons (e.g. Blasdel and Fitzpatrick, 1984).…”

Section: The Place Of the Lgn In Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multifunctional lateral geniculate nucleus

Weyand

2016

Reviews in the Neurosciences

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AbstractProviding the critical link between the retina and visual cortex, the well-studied lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) has stood out as a structure in search of a function exceeding the mundane ‘relay’. For many mammals, it is structurally impressive: Exquisite lamination, sophisticated microcircuits, and blending of multiple inputs suggest some fundamental transform. This impression is bolstered by the fact that numerically, the retina accounts for a small fraction of its input. Despite such promise, the extent to which an LGN neuron separates itself from its retinal brethren has proven difficult to appreciate. Here, I argue that whereas retinogeniculate coupling is strong, what occurs in the LGN is judicious pruning of a retinal drive by nonretinal inputs. These nonretinal inputs reshape a receptive field that under the right conditions departs significantly from its retinal drive, even if transiently. I first review design features of the LGN and follow with evidence for 10 putative functions. Only two of these tend to surface in textbooks: parsing retinal axons by eye and functional group and gating by state. Among the remaining putative functions, implementation of the principle of graceful degradation and temporal decorrelation are at least as interesting but much less promoted. The retina solves formidable problems imposed by physics to yield multiple efficient and sensitive representations of the world. The LGN applies context, increasing content, and gates several of these representations. Even if the basic concentric receptive field remains, information transmitted for each LGN spike relative to each retinal spike is measurably increased.

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Transformation of Receptive Field Properties from Lateral Geniculate Nucleus to Superficial V1 in the Tree Shrew

Cited by 59 publications

References 62 publications

Basal forebrain activation enhances between-trial reliability of low-frequency local field potentials (LFP) and spiking activity in tree shrew primary visual cortex (V1)

Basal forebrain activation enhances between-trial reliability of low-frequency local field potentials (LFP) and spiking activity in tree shrew primary visual cortex (V1)

Weak orientation and direction selectivity in lateral geniculate nucleus representing central vision in the gray squirrelSciurus carolinensis

The multifunctional lateral geniculate nucleus

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