The sweet potato,
Ipomoea batatas
(L.) Lam., is an important root crop supporting millions of people throughout the tropical regions of the world and recognized as world's seventh most important food crop following wheat, rice, maize, potato, barley, and cassava. Sweet potato can produce more edible energy per hectare per day than wheat, rice, or cassava, and possesses potent antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti‐inflammatory properties while use of starch and other processed goods (e.g., alcohol, etc.) is more localized, and increasingly provides an additional source of cash for poor. Despite the fact that tremendous improvements have been made in sweet potatoes, very little progress has been made in terms of yield when compared to other crops. The major challenges conventional breeding faces are the existence of extensive inherent genetic variability, presence of cross incompatible genes, and low seed set rates. Genetic transformation using tissue culture/biotechnology is an alternative that is looked on to as a promising tool to achieve such goals. Various gene delivery systems have been used to develop transgenic sweet potato concentrating on a specific trait/character, which includes
Agrobacterium
‐mediated transformation, electroporation, and biolistic approaches. However, the success of transgenic effort can only be achieved by optimizing a successful regeneration protocol and careful consideration of the likely expected effects of transgenic plants on biodiversity of plants, insects, and humans.