Transformation of tetra- and trichloromethane to CO2 by anaerobic bacteria is a non-enzymic process

Egli, C

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(90)90152-g

Cited by 20 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The known effect is a biologically-catalyzed, but non-enzymic process which can be observed in autoclaved cells (Egli et al 1990) but better defined with pure, reduced iron (II) porphyrin, aquacobalamin or coenzyme F430 (Klecka & Gonsior 1984;Krone et al 1989a,b). Normally, the first reductive step, to chloromethane, is faster than any further reduction to methane (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anaerobic treatments of waste DCM are unknown, because no anaerobic cultures utilize the compound as a carbon and energy source, though non-enzymic reductive biotransformations are known (e.g., Egli et al 1990;Krone et al 1989a, b). Indeed, the only haloaliphatic compound currently known to serve as a carbon and energy source for anaerobic growth is chloroacetate (Egli et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dichloromethane utilized by an anaerobic mixed culture: acetogenesis and methanogenesis

Stromeyer¹,

Winkelbauer²,

Kohler³

et al. 1991

Biodegradation

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Dichloromethane (8.9 mg/1) was eliminated from industrially polluted, anaerobic groundwater in a fixed-bed reactor (43 m 3) which was packed with activated charcoal and operated continuously for over three years. The elimination of dichloromethane over this period was some ten-fold in excess of the sorptive capacity of the charcoal, and the elimination (3.7 mg/h. [kg of charcoal]: residence time, 49 h) was tentatively attributed to deha]ogenative microorganisms immobilized on the charcoal. Anaerobic enrichment cultures, with dichloromethane as the sole added source of carbon and energy, were inoculated with material from the reactor. Reproducibly complete substrate disappearance in subcultures was observed when traces of groundwater (1%) or yeast extract (0.01%) were supplied. Fed-batch experiments under an atmosphere of CO2 plus N2 led to the conversion in 11 days of 11 mM dichloromethane to 3 mM acetate and 2 mM methane, with a growth yield of 0.4 g of protein/mol of dichloromethane; insignificant amounts (< 1/zM) of chloromethane accumulated. Methanogenesis could be inhibited by 50 mM 2-bromoethane sulfonate without any effect on the dehalogenation rate. The maximum dehalogenation rate was 0.13 mmol dichloromethane/h-1 (2.6 mkat/ kg of protein).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dichloromethane utilized by an anaerobic mixed culture: acetogenesis and methanogenesis

Stromeyer¹,

Winkelbauer²,

Kohler³

et al. 1991

Biodegradation

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“…Tetrachloromethane (CCd4) was found to be transformed to lower-chlorinated methanes and CO2 by native or autoclaved cell suspensions of methanogens, Acetobacterium woodii, and Desulfobacterium autotrophicum (12,13,26). These anaerobic bacteria fix CO2 via the acetyl-coenzyme A pathway (Wood pathway) or degrade acetate via a reversed acetyl-coenzyme A pathway (17,32,42,44).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and a corrinoid-iron-sulfur protein are central enzymes of this pathway. It has been suggested that the anaerobic transformation of CCl4 could be a cometabolic activity of Wood pathway enzymes (12,13). Free cobalamin catalyzed reductive dechlorination of CCl4 in a buffer reduced with Ti(III) citrate as the electron donor (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evidence for the involvement of corrinoids and factor F430 in the reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane by Methanosarcina barkeri

et al. 1992

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Cobalamin and the native and diepimeric forms of factor F430 catalyzed the reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) to ethylene or chloroethane (CA) in a buffer with Ti(III) citrate as the electron donor. Ethylene was the major product in the cobalamin-catalyzed transformation, and the ratio of ethylene to CA formed was 25:1. Native F430 and 12,13-di-epi-F430 produced ethylene and CA in ratios of about 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Cobalamin dechlorinated 1,2-DCA much faster than did factor F430. Dechlorination rates by all three catalysts showed a distinct pH dependence, correlated in a linear manner with the catalyst concentration and doubled with a temperature increase of 10°C. Crude and boiled cell extracts of Methanosarcina barkeri also dechlorinated 1,2-DCA to ethylene and CA with Ti(III) citrate as the reductant. The catalytic components in boiled extracts were heat and oxygen stable and had low molecular masses. Fractionation of boiled extracts by a hydrophobic interaction column revealed that part of the dechlorinating components had a hydrophilic and part had a hydrophobic character. These chemical properties of the dechlorinating components and spectral analysis of boiled extracts indicated that corrinoids or factor F430 was responsible for the dechlorinations. The ratios of 3:1 to 7:1 of ethylene and CA formed by cell extracts suggested that both cofactors were concomitantly active.Chlorinated aliphatic C1 and C2 hydrocarbons, widespread contaminants in different environments, are found to be reductively dechlorinated by pure cultures of methanogens, sulfate reducers, homoacetogens, and other anaerobic bacteria (4,11,13,16,18,22,26,33). Tetrachloromethane (CCd4) was found to be transformed to lower-chlorinated methanes and CO2 by native or autoclaved cell suspensions of methanogens, Acetobacterium woodii, and Desulfobacterium autotrophicum (12,13,26). These anaerobic bacteria fix CO2 via the acetyl-coenzyme A pathway (Wood pathway) or degrade acetate via a reversed acetyl-coenzyme A pathway (17,32,42,44). Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and a corrinoid-iron-sulfur protein are central enzymes of this pathway. It has been suggested that the anaerobic transformation of CCl4 could be a cometabolic activity of Wood pathway enzymes (12, 13). Free cobalamin catalyzed reductive dechlorination of CCl4 in a buffer reduced with Ti(III) citrate as the electron donor (27). In addition to lowerchlorinated methanes, cobalamin produced CO from CCl4 (28), a compound which is oxidized to CO2 by carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (17,32,42,44). In methanogenic bacteria, factor F430 may also be involved in reductive dechlorination. Factor F430 is a cofactor of methyl-coenzyme M reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the last step in methanogenesis from methyl-coenzyme M to CH4 (14). This cofactor reductively dechlorinated CCl4 to lower-chlorinated methanes (26). All Cell suspensions of methanogens reductively dechlorinated 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) to ethylene and chloroethane (CA) (22). We demonstrate here th...

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“…30,31 In an alternative approach, it was verified that chloroform can be decomposed by an anaerobic bacteria, Acetobacterium woodii, with excellent results. 32 Furthermore, activated carbon has been employed to eliminate chloroform from water owing to its high adsorption efficiency. 18 It is well-known that the degradation of organic material by sodium hypochloride, commonly used in water treatment stations, can produce chloroform as the final product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane introduction mass spectrometry applied to the monitoring of chloroform degradation by hypochloride in acidic aqueous medium

Rocha¹,

Rios²,

Lago³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Transformation of tetra- and trichloromethane to CO2 by anaerobic bacteria is a non-enzymic process

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Dichloromethane utilized by an anaerobic mixed culture: acetogenesis and methanogenesis

Dichloromethane utilized by an anaerobic mixed culture: acetogenesis and methanogenesis

Evidence for the involvement of corrinoids and factor F430 in the reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane by Methanosarcina barkeri

Membrane introduction mass spectrometry applied to the monitoring of chloroform degradation by hypochloride in acidic aqueous medium

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