Transformations of Chloroarenes, Catalyzed by Transition-Metal Complexes

Grushin, Vladimir V.; Alper, Howard

doi:10.1021/cr00028a008

Cited by 671 publications

(370 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Most research effort is currently directed towards developing ligands and reaction conditions which enable less reactive aryl chlorides to be employed in cross-coupling reactions, 44 However, whilst there has been considerable success in this 20 area, there are still no mild methods for the generation of free radicals from aryl chlorides, or their conversion into organometallic reagents. A method to convert aryl chlorides into the more reactive bromides or iodides is therefore still desirable.…”

Section: Palladiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-catalysed halogen exchange reactions of aryl halides

Sheppard

2009

Org. Biomol. Chem.

125

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Aryl halides are common synthetic targets themselves, and also highly versatile synthetic intermediates. Aryl chlorides are much more widely available and easier to synthesise than the other halide derivatives, so the development of effective methods for interconverting aryl halide derivatives would therefore be extremely useful. This article outlines which transformations are particularly desirable, and describes the progress that has been made on developing methods for carrying out those transformations using copper, nickel or palladium catalysts. The possible mechanisms of these reactions are discussed, with a view to identifying areas for future investigation.

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Section: Palladiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-catalysed halogen exchange reactions of aryl halides

Sheppard

2009

Org. Biomol. Chem.

125

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“…Among them, photochemical (Betterton et al, 2000), electrochemical (Wirtz et al, 2000), ultrasonic (Rodriguez and Lafuente, 2002), supercritical (Yak et al, 2000), microbial (Kuipers et al, 1999), and radiolytic and thermal (Yamamoto and Tagawa, 2001;Jones et al, 2003) reductive methods have been reported. In general, chemical methods have been by far the most studies ones (Grushin and Alper, 1994;Ukisu et al, 2000;Lipshutz, 2001;Mitoma et al, 2001;Alonso et al, 2002;Gopinath et al, 2003). Catalytic hydrodechlorination with homogenous (Grushin and Alper, 1994) or heterogeneous catalysts (Aramendia et al, 2003;Santoro et al, 2003; Simagina et al, 2003;Yuan and Keane, 2003) is recognized as a facile and efficient procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, chemical methods have been by far the most studies ones (Grushin and Alper, 1994;Ukisu et al, 2000;Lipshutz, 2001;Mitoma et al, 2001;Alonso et al, 2002;Gopinath et al, 2003). Catalytic hydrodechlorination with homogenous (Grushin and Alper, 1994) or heterogeneous catalysts (Aramendia et al, 2003;Santoro et al, 2003; Simagina et al, 2003;Yuan and Keane, 2003) is recognized as a facile and efficient procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A practical approach to the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in transformer oil

Zhao

et al. 2005

Chemosphere

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“…They are also useful intermediate products for the synthesis [12][13]. The reactions for obtaining aromatic nitriles were conducted by N. E. Leadbeater with a colleague [14].…”

Section: Introduction Of Other Functional Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%