Transformativist Measurement Development Methodology: A Mixed Methods Approach to Scale Construction

Sankofa, Nicole

doi:10.1177/15586898211033698

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…School closures tied to COVID-19 mandates highlight the valuable social support that schools (Campione-Barr et al, 2021) provide youths for building caring communities (O'Keefe et al, 2021;Leach Sankofa, 2022). Schools can offer a community of caring (Hussain et al, 2018), contributing significantly to providing hope, creating a sense of belonging (Clausen et al, 2021;Ersan & Rodriguez, 2021;Hussain et al, 2018), and nurturing an academic identity (Martinez, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists on the Influence of School Connectedness on American Indian Youths

Clark¹

2022

JSS

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This article presents findings captured during a study with four Non-Indigenous child and adolescent psychiatrists treating American Indian youths at a child and adolescent psychiatry hospital located in a rural northwestern state. The author used a qualitative design to develop a deeper understanding of how the psychiatrists conceptualize the relationships between the components of school connectedness and American Indian youths. The study resulted in categorizing 53 descriptors of protective factors and 31 descriptors of risk factors associated with elements of school connectedness identified as 1) Cultural Connectedness, 2) Community, 3) Caregivers, 4) Teachers, and 5) Peers. The descriptors are illustrated through richly detailed comments from the participants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists on the Influence of School Connectedness on American Indian Youths

Clark¹

2022

JSS

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“…The use of mixed methods in instrument development and validation studies has been increasing. It can promote more rigor in the process, optimizing the development of psychometrically sound and culturally sensitive instruments [ 75 , 76 , 77 ]. The combined etic–emic strategy, allowing for the development and adding of the new items, was also valuable to enhance the Icelandic BHS-TR’s construct validity and cultural sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Measuring Help-Seeking Barriers among Intimate Partner Violence Survivors: Mixed-Methods Validation Study of the Icelandic Barriers to Help-Seeking for Trauma (BHS-TR) Scale

Thorvaldsdottir

Halldórsdóttir

Arnault

2021

IJERPH

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a global human rights violation of vast proportions and a severe public health problem. Despite high rates of adverse outcomes related to IPV, help-seeking and service utilization among survivors is low. This exploratory sequential mixed-methods study using a combined etic–emic approach describes the validation of the Icelandic Barriers to Help-Seeking for Trauma (BHS-TR) scale. The qualitative phase involved developing new items based on the experiences of 17 Icelandic IPV survivors, identifying barriers including beliefs that help-seeking is a sign of weakness, and the desire to safeguard oneself from re-traumatization. The quantitative phase examined the psychometrics of the BHS-TR in a sample of 137 IPV survivors in Iceland. Results supported an eight-factor structure (Financial Concerns; Unavailable/Not Helpful; External Constraints; Inconvenience; Weakness/Vulnerability; Problem Management Beliefs; Frozen/Confused; and Shame), which when grouped comprised two indices of Structural and Internal Barriers. The scale’s internal consistency was high (α = 0.87), and the results provided evidence of convergent, discriminant, and known-group validity. This study adds to the growing literature supporting the advantages of applying mixed methods for instrument development and validation, and its results highlight the significance of giving rise to the voices of survivors. The BHS-TR is the first trauma-specific and survivor-centered measure of help-seeking barriers available in Iceland. It can be used to provide valuable information that may guide the development of evidence-based interventions to break down barriers and help survivors find ways to trauma recovery.

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“…However, as innovative and valuable their framework has been, it is first and foremost Quan. To date, in the instrument development literature, construct validation is often conceived as mainly a Quan endeavor [ 45 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. When Qual data are used, it is usually only granted a supplementary role to Quan data, and often the methods are utilized in isolation rather than fully integrated [ 50 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still, there is a growing literature on mixed methods validation. A few frameworks have been developed that place equal value on Quan and Qual methods, focusing on validity and trustworthiness, and emphasizing the integration or “mixing” of findings from both databases to inform validation evidence for a measure [ 49 , 51 , 52 , 54 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mixed Methods Integration to Evaluate the Structure of Help-Seeking Barriers Scale: A Survivor-Centered Approach

Thorvaldsdottir

Halldórsdóttir

Arnault

2022

IJERPH

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Despite the high prevalence of adverse health and trauma-related outcomes associated with intimate partner violence (IPV), help-seeking and service utilization among survivors is low. This study is part of a larger mixed-methods and survivor-centered validation study on the Icelandic Barriers to Help-Seeking for Trauma (BHS-TR) scale, a new barriers measure focused on trauma recovery. A mixed-methods legitimation strategy of integration was employed to evaluate the BHS-TR structure in samples of IPV survivors. The merging of qualitative (n = 17) and quantitative (n = 137) data through a joint display analysis revealed mainly complementarity findings, strengthening the scale’s overall trustworthiness and validity evidence. Divergent findings involved items about mistrust, perceived rejection, stigmatization, fearing vulnerability, and safeguarding efforts that were significant help-seeking barriers in the survivors’ narratives, whereas factor analysis indicated their removal. These BHS-TR items were critically evaluated in an iterative spiraling process that supported the barriers’ influence, illuminated core issues, and guided potential refinements. This work contributes to the growing field of mixed methods instrument validation placing equal status on qualitative and quantitative methods and emphasizing integration to provide more complete insights. Moreover, the study’s findings highlight the added value of further exploring divergence between two sets of data and the importance of giving attention to the voices of the target population throughout the validation process.

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Transformativist Measurement Development Methodology: A Mixed Methods Approach to Scale Construction

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Perspectives of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists on the Influence of School Connectedness on American Indian Youths

Perspectives of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists on the Influence of School Connectedness on American Indian Youths

Understanding and Measuring Help-Seeking Barriers among Intimate Partner Violence Survivors: Mixed-Methods Validation Study of the Icelandic Barriers to Help-Seeking for Trauma (BHS-TR) Scale

Using Mixed Methods Integration to Evaluate the Structure of Help-Seeking Barriers Scale: A Survivor-Centered Approach

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