Transformer protection based on the increment of flux linkages

Kang, Yong Cheol; Lee, B.E.; Kang, Sang-Hee; Crossley, P.A.

doi:10.1049/ip-gtd:20040378

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The three phase approaches presented above, which somehow are similar -although not identical -to the solution presented in [5], have three weak points:…”

Section: Three-phase Approachmentioning

confidence: 90%

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New algorithms for power transformer inter-turn fault protection

Wiszniewski

Rebizant

Schiel

2009

Electric Power Systems Research

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“…The three phase approaches presented above, which somehow are similar -although not identical -to the solution presented in [5], have three weak points:…”

Section: Three-phase Approachmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…An interesting approach to internal fault detection has already been presented in the literature [5]. The authors developed the criterion based on the fact that during the internal short-circuit the current, which flows in the short-circuited turns, generates the magnetic flux that change terminal voltages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New algorithms for power transformer inter-turn fault protection

Wiszniewski

Rebizant

Schiel

2009

Electric Power Systems Research

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“…The differential and restraining currents, I d and I r , respectively, for the proposed relay in this paper are calculated by: (12) where I 1 and I 2 are current phasors of the primary and secondary windings of a transformer, referred to the secondary side of the corresponding CTs, respectively.…”

Section: Characteristics Of a Current Differential Relaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturation Detection-Based Blocking Scheme for Transformer Differential Protection

Lee

Won

et al. 2014

Energies

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This paper describes a current differential relay for transformer protection that operates in conjunction with a core saturation detection-based blocking algorithm. The differential current for the magnetic inrush or over-excitation has a point of inflection at the start and end of each saturation period of the transformer core. At these instants, discontinuities arise in the first-difference function of the differential current. The second-and third-difference functions convert the points of inflection into pulses, the magnitudes of which are large enough to detect core saturation. The blocking signal is activated if the third-difference of the differential current is larger than the threshold and is maintained for one cycle. In addition, a method to discriminate between transformer saturation and current transformer (CT) saturation is included. The performance of the proposed blocking scheme was compared with that of a conventional harmonic blocking method. The test results OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 4572 indicate that the proposed scheme successfully discriminates internal faults even with CT saturation from the magnetic inrush, over-excitation, and external faults with CT saturation, and can significantly reduce the operating time delay of the relay.

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“…This principle is based on checking whether the differential equation Kang, Lee and et al described a transformer protection based on the increment of the flux linkages [20]. The ratio of the increments of the primary and the secondary winding flux linkages is equal to the turn ratio during normal operating conditions, magnetizing inrush current and over-excitation.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turn-to-turn fault detection in transformers using negative sequence currents

Babiy

Gokaraju

Garcia

2011

2011 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference

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A power transformer is one of the most important and expensive components in any power system. Power transformers can be exposed to a wide variety of abnormal conditions and faults.Internal turn-to-turn faults are the most difficult types of faults to detect within the power transformer. The IEEE Standards documents have revealed that there is no one standard way to protect all power transformers against minor internal faults such as turn-to-turn faults and at the same time to satisfy basic protection requirements: sensitivity, selectivity, and speed.This thesis presents a new, simple and efficient protection technique which is based on negative sequence currents. Using this protection technique, it is possible to detect minor internal turn-toturn faults in power transformers. Also, it can differentiate between internal and external faults.The discrimination is achieved by comparing the phase shift between two phasors of total negative sequence current. The new protection technique is being studied via an extensive simulation study using PSCAD®/EMTDC™ 1 software in a three-phase power system and is also being compared with a traditional differential algorithm.Relay performance under different numbers of shorted turns of the power transformer, different connections of the transformer, different values of the fault resistances, and different values of the system parameters was investigated. The results indicate that the new technique can provide a fast and sensitive approach for identifying minor internal turn-to-turn faults in power transformers.

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Transformer protection based on the increment of flux linkages

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

New algorithms for power transformer inter-turn fault protection

New algorithms for power transformer inter-turn fault protection

Saturation Detection-Based Blocking Scheme for Transformer Differential Protection

Turn-to-turn fault detection in transformers using negative sequence currents

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