Transforming bio-oil into nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbons: Excellent oxygen reduction electrocatalysts for Zn-air batteries

Sustainable hierarchically porous carbons from bio-oil to remove emerging contaminants

“…Although HRTEM was not performed in this study, the images obtained by TEM are consistent with those of hierarchically porous carbons described in the literature. 10,51,69,87,88 The similarities observed in previous literature indicate the formation of porous hierarchical structures in the materials produced in this study. The porous structures observed via SEM and TEM are corroborated by the discussed N 2 sorption isotherms.…”

“…In adsorption, these materials are used in the adsorption of dyes (methylene blue and methyl orange), CO 2 capture and some drugs such as ibuprofen and diclofenac. 10,49,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] The novelty of this work is in the production of these materials with high added value without the use of templates from a biomass residue (bio-oil) as a carbon precursor source at different synthesis temperatures. The materials were used to adsorb emerging contaminants such as caffeine and paracetamol, which showed superior removal capacity compared to other carbon materials used as adsorbents.…”

One-pot synthesis of biomass-derived porous carbons for multipurpose energy applications

“…175,176 The synthesis of efficient carbon electrocatalysts from biomass has attracted great attention in recent years. 177 So far, a number of studies have been reported in one-step carbonization and activation of biomass to carbon-based catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion (e.g., the HER, [178][179][180] the ORR, [181][182][183][184][185][186] capacitive deionization, [187][188][189] and the CO 2 RR 190,191 ). Here, the following section will briey discuss the recent development in these elds (Fig.…”

“…Capacitive deionization can be used based on electrochemical energy storage such as Zn-air batteries, which have a positive correlation with the ORR performance of porous carbon. 186,187,193 For instance, Xu et al 186 used bio-oil (C source), urea (N source), and MgO (template) for preparing N-doped hierarchical porous carbons with large specic surface area and abundant graphitic and pyridinic-N species, resulting in an excellent ORR catalytic performance (half-wave potential: 0.84 V). Furthermore, the assembled Zn-air battery showed high power density (239.36 mW cm −2 ) and consistent discharging stability.…”

“…177 So far, a number of studies have been reported in one-step carbonization and activation of biomass to carbon-based catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion ( e.g. , the HER, 178–180 the ORR, 181–186 capacitive deionization, 187–189 and the CO 2 RR 190,191 ). Here, the following section will briefly discuss the recent development in these fields (Fig.…”