Transforming Canada's role in global cancer control

Rodin, Danielle; Dare, Anna J; Booker, Reanne; Booth, Christopher M.; Bryant, Heather; Ginsburg, Ophira; Giuliani, Meredith; Gospodarowicz, Mary K.; Gupta, Sumit; Hammad, Nazik; Rosberger, Zeev; Sutcliffe, Simon; Earle, Craig C.

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00374-0

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Some HICs have even proposed the medical equivalent of the USAID Peace Corps programs to address some of these. 29,30 Cross-Country Collaborations…”

Section: Global Collaboration For Resource Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Radiation Therapy: From Local to Global and Equality to Equity

Laskar

Sinha

Krishnatry

et al. 2022

JCO Global Oncology

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The discipline of radiation oncology is the most resource-intensive component of comprehensive cancer care because of significant initial investments required for machines, the requirement of dedicated construction, a multifaceted workforce, and recurring maintenance costs. This review focuses on the challenges associated with accessible and affordable radiation therapy (RT) across the globe and the possible solutions to improve the current scenario. Most common cancers globally, including breast, prostate, head and neck, and cervical cancers, have a RT utilization rate of > 50%. The estimated annual incidence of cancer is 19,292,789 for 2020, with > 70% occurring in low-income countries and low-middle–income countries. There are approximately 14,000 teletherapy machines globally. However, the distribution of these machines is distinctly nonuniform, with low-income countries and low-middle–income countries having access to < 10% of the global teletherapy machines. The Directory of Radiotherapy Centres enlists 3,318 brachytherapy facilities. Most countries with a high incidence of cervical cancer have a deficit in brachytherapy facilities, although formal estimates for the same are not available. The deficit in simulators, radiation oncologists, and medical physicists is even more challenging to quantify; however, the inequitable distribution is indisputable. Measures to ensure equitable access to RT include identifying problems specific to region/country, adopting indigenous technology, encouraging public-private partnership, relaxing custom duties on RT equipment, global/cross-country collaboration, and quality human resources training. Innovative research focusing on the most prevalent cancers aiming to make RT utilization more cost-effective while maintaining efficacy will further bridge the gap.

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“…Some HICs have even proposed the medical equivalent of the USAID Peace Corps programs to address some of these. 29,30 Cross-Country Collaborations…”

Section: Global Collaboration For Resource Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Radiation Therapy: From Local to Global and Equality to Equity

Laskar

Sinha

Krishnatry

et al. 2022

JCO Global Oncology

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“…Breast cancer and cervical cancer are the two most common cancers among women and have been prioritized by key global organizations like the WHO and USAID. 2 , 56 , 57 These cancers also have more established EBIs, including ones that are increasingly feasible in LMIC settings. That said, the most prevalent cancer types vary by country and region, and therefore, resource allocation and policy changes that support scale-up will reflect those differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Science of Scale-Up of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

Friebel-Klingner,

Alvarez,

Lappen

et al. 2024

JCO Glob Oncol

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PURPOSE Cancer deaths in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) will nearly double by 2040. Available evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for cancer prevention and early detection can reduce cancer-related mortality, yet there is a lack of evidence on effectively scaling these EBIs in LMIC settings. METHODS We conducted a scoping review to identify published literature from six databases between 2012 and 2022 that described efforts for scaling cancer prevention and early detection EBIs in LMICs. Included studies met one of two definitions of scale-up: (1) deliberate efforts to increase the impact of effective intervention to benefit more people or (2) an intervention shown to be efficacious on a small scale expanded under real-world conditions to reach a greater proportion of eligible population. Study characteristics, including EBIs, implementation strategies, and outcomes used, were summarized using frameworks from the field of implementation science. RESULTS This search yielded 3,076 abstracts, with 24 studies eligible for inclusion. Included studies focused on a number of cancer sites including cervical (67%), breast (13%), breast and cervical (13%), liver (4%), and colon (4%). Commonly reported scale-up strategies included developing stakeholder inter-relationships, training and education, and changing infrastructure. Barriers to scale-up were reported at individual, health facility, and community levels. Few studies reported applying conceptual frameworks to guide strategy selection and evaluation. CONCLUSION Although there were relatively few published reports, this scoping review offers insight into the approaches used by LMICs to scale up cancer EBIs, including common strategies and barriers. More importantly, it illustrates the urgent need to fill gaps in research to guide best practices for bringing the implementation of cancer EBIs to scale in LMICs.

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“…The language of collaboration is increasingly one of networks , with decentered relationships independent of governments and major institutions. National exemplars include the UK Global Cancer Network (Stanway et al, 2021) (“not‐for‐profit network of UK‐based individuals and institutions working in partnership with colleagues in LMICs”) and the emerging Canadian global cancer control network (Rodin et al, 2021). Elsewhere, the City Cancer Challenge (C/Can) innovation has been to operate at the city level to improve access to quality cancer care (Adams et al, 2017).…”

Section: The “Messiness” Of Cancer Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

The global challenge of cancer governance

Lunt

2023

World Med & Health Policy

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The global cancer statistics are stark, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020, around one in six of all deaths globally. The World Health Organization estimates that 70% of these cancer deaths occur in low‐ and middle‐income countries and cancer will continue to rise as a proportion of deaths in these settings. We may usefully characterize cancer as a “social mess,” a set of interrelated problems and other messes including poverty and social determinants of health. One part of cancer's “messiness” is the governance deficit around cancer burden and regional inequities This policy paper assesses the field of global oncology governance and the interplay of legal instruments, soft law, national developments, donor activities, as well as partnerships, networks, and coalitions. Cancer governance is central to tackling cancer inequalities. Continuing to probe the complexities of cancer governance requires attention to market mechanisms, international agreements, soft power, political willpower, partnerships, collaborations and networks, and patient participation. Governance is inseparable from “paradigmatic” framings and cancer must be seen as a human rights issue.

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Transforming Canada's role in global cancer control

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Access to Radiation Therapy: From Local to Global and Equality to Equity

Access to Radiation Therapy: From Local to Global and Equality to Equity

State of the Science of Scale-Up of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review

The global challenge of cancer governance

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