Transforming Cotton Gin Trash to Engineered Functional Carbon Structures

Deshan, Athukoralalage Don K.; Moghaddam, Lalehvash; Siriwardena, Dumindu P.; Strounina, Ekaterina; Beltramini, Jorge N.; Doherty, William O.S.

doi:10.1002/adsu.202100061

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 67 publications

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“…3 b, there were characteristic diffraction peaks at 22.62, 26.62, 29.34, 26.04, 29.46, 43.18 and 48.46°. The diffraction peak at 43.18 (100) indicates the presence of aromatic carbon in BRB and the formation of turbine layer crystallites 39 . Additionally, the presence of calcite (CaCO 3 ) and quartz (SiO 2 ) microcrystalline phases can be observed in the BRB.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

On the adsorption characteristics and mechanism of methylene blue by ball mill modified biochar

Wang,

Tan,

Yang

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In this study, modified biochar (BRB) was prepared from rice straw by ball milling technique and used for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) in wastewater. The BRB was characterized by SEM, FTIR and XPS, and the adsorption model and Box–Behnken design were used to optimize the five influencing factors. The results showed that the ball milling technique could increase the content of functional groups (–OH, C=C and C–O, etc.) and aromatic structures on the surface of biochar, thus facilitating the removal of MB. The isotherm model was consistent with the Langmuir adsorption model (R2 = 0.947) and the maximum adsorption capacity was 50.27 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 1) and the adsorption rate was mainly controlled by chemisorption. The thermodynamic model confirmed that the adsorption process was a spontaneous heat absorption reaction. The maximum adsorption efficiency was 99.78% under the optimal conditions (40℃, pH 8, reaction time = 90 min, dosing amount = 0.1 mg), and the adsorption efficiency could be improved by increasing the pH and BRB dosing amount. The surface functional groups and crystal structure properties of BRB were the main determinants of adsorption, and it was clarified that physical adsorption, electrostatic attraction and π-π interaction were the main mechanisms for the adsorption of MB by BRB. The main mechanisms were clarified. Therefore, BRB is an economic, efficient and green adsorption material with good potential for the removal of dye pollutants in the aqueous environment.

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Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

On the adsorption characteristics and mechanism of methylene blue by ball mill modified biochar

Wang,

Tan,

Yang

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Utilization of cotton gin waste biochars for agronomic benefits in soils

Howell,

Bhattacharia,

Aria

et al. 2024

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Cotton gin waste (CGW) is produced in large quantities (1–1.5 × 106 metric ton/year) in the Texas High Plains (THP), one of the largest cotton-producing regions in the USA. We examined locally supplied CGW for soil amendment as biochar (CGW-BC) with a view toward rainfed cropping systems, which will likely become increasingly necessary due to declines in groundwater availability for irrigation. Sixteen unique biochar samples were produced under varying conditions of time, temperature, and post-processing wash in a muffle furnace. We performed material characterization on the biochar. We then incubated CGW-BC samples that seemed favorable for increasing the water holding capacity increase for 10 days with local, rainfed, clay loam soil. We found that increasing the pyrolysis time and temperature decreased the biochar yield but only up to 40 min. Beyond 40 min, the yield did not decrease further. Additionally, the majority of mass loss occurred during pyrolysis and not during crush-sieving or postproduction washes. CGW-BC produced at higher temperatures and for longer times had greater thermal stability. This interesting aspect of thermal stability, which did not always follow strict time‒temperature trends, may be because cotton gin waste is a heterogeneous material. We found that the addition of acid decreases the mineral content while lowering the thermal stability of lower temperature (450 °C) biochars. Regarding the CGW-BC surface area, we found that higher temperatures generally increase the micropore surface area. Using a GAB isotherm, water vapor surface area did not correlate with the highest WHC when water was added to the soil. In fact, biochar, which was pyrolyzed in less time at a lower temperature and with the use of acid washing, better held the water in soil-biochar mixtures. The measurements suggested that CGW-BC could be a valuable soil amendment that could increase the WHC without adversely increasing the pH. Our initial investigation revealed how scaled-up production of CGW-BC for soils might be economically and sustainably pursued for use in rainfed cropping, deficit irrigation, or ranchlands.

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