Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Walk-In Blood Donors at Kisumu Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Kisumu County, Kenya, 2015

Wamamba, Dominic; Onyango, Dickens; Oyugi, Elvis; Kanyina, Evalyne; Obonyo, Mark; Githuku, Jane; Ransom, James H.

doi:10.1093/labmed/lmx059

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…The results of this study showed that the pooled prevalence of HIV infection among blood donors in studies spanning more than 12 years was 2.69% (95% CI (1.79–3.58%)). The prevalence of HIV infection found in this study is consistent with findings from similar ones conducted in different countries [7, 25–27]. Moreover, the seroprevalence of HIV among blood donors was unevenly distributed across the regions of the country, with the highest prevalence rate of HIV observed in Amhara regional state.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Studies have been conducted worldwide to determine the prevalence of HIV among blood donors. For instance, seroprevalence of HIV among blood donors is 0.004% in Iran [3],0.08% in China [21], 0.07% in Saudi [22], 0.12% in Nepal [23], 0.002% in Turkey [24], 3% in Eastern Sudan [25], 3.1% in South-west Nigeria [26], 2.45 in Kenya [27], and 0.18% in Eritrea [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background Blood transfusion is one of the routine therapeutic interventions in hospitals that can be lifesaving. However, this intervention is related to several transfusion-related infections. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the major public health problems associated with blood transfusion. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia. Methods Studies on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors published until 2017 were accessed by conducting a detailed search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, EMBASE and CINAHL databases using the keywords:-“Seroprevalence” AND “trend” AND “HIV” OR “human” AND “immunodeficiency” AND “virus” OR “human immunodeficiency virus” AND “blood donors” OR “blood donors” OR “Ethiopia”. The quality of each article was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects method. All statistical analyses were done using STATA version 11 software. Result The estimated pooled seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia was 2.69% (95% CI (1.79–3.58%)). The overall seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection showed a significant decline trend from 2004 to 2016. Conclusion The overall seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia was high. Routine screening of donor blood for transfusion-transmissible infections is essential for ensuring the safety of blood transfusion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…Briefly, these interventions include immunization; timely hepatitis B birth dose (HB-BD) for prevention of mother to child transmission; infection, blood and surgical safety in healthcare settings; harm reduction in people who inject drugs (PWID) and effective treatment for hepatitis [2]. Kenya is classified as highly endemic for HBV [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] with one study reporting a prevalence of 4.5% among health care workers (HCWs) [3]. Measures to combat the disease are therefore desperately needed [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Maina

Bii

2020

BMC Public Health

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Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa with 70 to 90% of the population becoming infected before the age of 40 years. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including healthcare students (HCSs) are at an increased risk of contracting HBV due to occupational exposure. HCSs are especially at a high risk because of their inexperience with infection control procedures and insufficient knowledge about the level of risk when dealing with patients. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, and its recommendation by Kenya's Ministry of Health, few HCW and students are vaccinated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of awareness, attitude, practices, and access factors on hepatitis B vaccination uptake by HCSs at Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC). Methods: This was a concurrent mixed methods study. For the quantitative arm, a structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV disease and vaccination. Accessibility of the HBV vaccine in the participating campuses was also assessed. Two FGDs were carried out: one comprised of student representatives of the participating campuses while the second comprised of members of staff. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA (version 15) while NVIVO (version 11) was used for qualitative data. Results: Out of 634 students invited to participate in the study, 487 participated (response rate 76.8%). Majority of the respondents were from Nairobi Campus (44.2%) and from the Department of Nursing (31.2%). HBV vaccine uptake rate was 85.8% while the non-vaccination rate was 14.3%. Full vaccination was reported by only 20.2% of respondents. The major reason for not receiving the recommended doses was the unavailability of the vaccine when students went for it. The qualitative study revealed challenges in the implementation of the vaccination program at KMTC. Conclusions: Full vaccination rates remained low despite good knowledge of HBV infection and positive attitude towards vaccination. There is therefore need to streamline vaccination programs in medical colleges to ensure availability and accessibility of the vaccine to healthcare students.

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“…This trend is expected to increase with time if the strategies outlined for elimination by 2030 are not implemented. Kenya is classified as being highly endemic for HBV with prevalence ranging from 2.1% to 50.6% in different populations (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Measures to combat the disease are therefore desperately needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting HBV Vaccination in a Medical Training College in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Study

Maina

Bii

2019

Preprint

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Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa with 70 to 90% of the population becoming infected before the age of 40 years. Healthcare workers (HCWs) including healthcare students (HCSs) are at an increased risk of contracting HBV due to occupational exposure. HCS are especially at a high risk because of their inexperience with infection control procedures and insufficient knowledge about the level of risk when dealing with patients. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, and its recommendation by Kenya’s Ministry of Health, few HCW and students are vaccinated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of awareness, attitude, practices, and access factors on hepatitis B vaccination uptake by HCS at Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC). Methods: This was a concurrent mixed methods study. For the qualitative arm, a structured questionnaire was used to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV disease and vaccination. Accessibility of the HBV vaccine in the participating campuses was also assessed. Two FGDs were carried out: one comprised of members of the participating campuses while the second comprised members of staff. Quantitative data was analysed using STATA (version 15) while NVIVO (version 11) was used for qualitative data. Results: Out of 634 students invited to participate in the study, 487 participated (response rate 76.81%). HBV vaccine uptake rate was 76.18% while the non-vaccination rate was 19.10%. Full vaccination was reported by only 21.78% of respondents. The major reason for not receiving the recommended doses was that the vaccine was not available when the students went for it. The qualitative study revealed challenges in the implementation of the vaccination program at KMTC. Conclusions: A clear policy on mandatory vaccination of students and staff is required. In addition, the HBV vaccine should be readily available, affordable and accessible at all times. Regular review of the curricula in medical colleges to include current vaccination recommendations could aid in improving the vaccination status of healthcare workers in particular and the larger community in general.

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Transfusion Transmissible Infections Among Walk-In Blood Donors at Kisumu Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Kisumu County, Kenya, 2015

Abstract: HBV was the most common TTI among the volunteers. KRBTC should be proactive and address issues of donor self-exclusion, strict adherence to donor selection criteria, and vaccination.

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Seroprevalence and trend of human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Factors affecting HBV vaccination in a Medical training College in Kenya: A mixed methods Study

Factors Affecting HBV Vaccination in a Medical Training College in Kenya: A Mixed Methods Study

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