Transgenerational plasticity in clonal plants

Latzel, Vít; Klimešová, Jitka

doi:10.1007/s10682-010-9385-2

Cited by 93 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…) and in asexual species (Angers et al . ; Latzel & Klimešová ). In particular, in plants, stable DNA methylation variation can account for heritable trait differences that persist for multiple generations (Cubas et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epigenetic footprint of poleward range‐expanding plants in apomictic dandelions

et al. 2015

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Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation variation, can generate heritable phenotypic variation independent of the underlying genetic code. However, epigenetic variation in natural plant populations is poorly documented and little understood. Here, we test whether northward range expansion of obligate apomicts of the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is associated with DNA methylation variation. We characterized and compared patterns of genetic and DNA methylation variation in greenhouse-reared offspring of T. officinale that were collected along a latitudinal transect of northward range expansion in Europe. Genetic AFLP and epigenetic MS-AFLP markers revealed high levels of local diversity and modest but significant heritable differentiation between sampling locations and between the southern, central and northern regions of the transect. Patterns of genetic and epigenetic variation were significantly correlated, reflecting the genetic control over epigenetic variation and/or the accumulation of lineage-specific spontaneous epimutations, which may be selectively neutral. In addition, we identified a small component of DNA methylation differentiation along the transect that is independent of genetic variation. This epigenetic differentiation might reflect environment-specific induction or, in case the DNA methylation variation affects relevant traits and fitness, selection of heritable DNA methylation variants. Such generated epigenetic variants might contribute to the adaptive capacity of individual asexual lineages under changing environments. Our results highlight the potential of heritable DNA methylation variation to contribute to population differentiation along ecological gradients. Further studies are needed using higher resolution methods to understand the functional significance of such natural occurring epigenetic differentiation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epigenetic footprint of poleward range‐expanding plants in apomictic dandelions

et al. 2015

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“…Given that the generation time of E. huxleyi in the laboratory experiments was less than 1 day, a plastic response would have to be "transgenerational" or heritable, for which there is mounting evidence in animals (Munday, 2014;Walsh et al, 2014), in clonal plants (e.g., Latzel and Klimešová, 2010), and in phytoplankton (Schaum et al, 2013;Schaum and Collins, 2014). For asexual reproduction the hypothesized mechanism is "epigenetic inheritance" whereby an environmental change causes genes to be expressed, which continue to be expressed in succeeding generations if the environmental change continues (Latzel and Klimešová, 2010;Schaum et al, 2013;Schaum and Collins, 2014;van Oppen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Time Lag In Growth Rate Response To Mutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For asexual reproduction the hypothesized mechanism is "epigenetic inheritance" whereby an environmental change causes genes to be expressed, which continue to be expressed in succeeding generations if the environmental change continues (Latzel and Klimešová, 2010;Schaum et al, 2013;Schaum and Collins, 2014;van Oppen et al, 2015). In the laboratory experiments of Schlüter et al (2014), it is assumed that the change in temperature from 15 to 26.3 • C caused the expression of an existing gene in essentially all cells in the culture in the first and succeeding generations which mediated a slow increase in growth rate, without the lag that would result from the favorable mutation of a single cell dividing sufficiently often to start to compete with the original population.…”

Section: Time Lag In Growth Rate Response To Mutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model Simulation of the Adaptive Evolution through Mutation of the Coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi Based on a Published Laboratory Study

Denman

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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We expect the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems to change over this century in response to changes in key ocean variables associated with a changing climate. Organisms with generation times from years to decades have the capacity to adapt to changing environmental conditions over a few generations by selecting from existing genotypes/phenotypes, but it is unlikely that evolution through mutation will be a major factor for organisms with generation times of years to decades. However, phytoplankton and other microbes, with generation times of days or less, experience hundreds of generations each year, allowing the possibility for favorable mutations (i.e., those that produce organisms with fitness maxima nearer to the environmental conditions at that time) to dominate existing genotypes and survive in a changing climate. Several laboratories have grown phytoplankton cultures for hundreds to thousands of generations and demonstrated that they have changed genetic makeup. In particular Schlüter et al. (2014) grew replicates derived from a single cell of Emiliania huxleyi, a coccolithophorid with broad geographical and thermal range, for 3 years (∼1250 generations) at 15 • C, and then for a year at 26.3 • C, near their upper thermal limit. During the last year the intrinsic growth rate increased more or less linearly, which the authors attribute to genetic mutation. Here we simulate genetic mutation of a single trait (intrinsic growth rate), both for the control phase and the warm phase of their study. We consider sensitivities to frequency of mutation, changes with temperature in intrinsic growth rate, and use the experimental setup and results to place constraints on the way mutations occur. In particular, all numerical experiments with mutation result in a lag time ∼30-140 generations before a significant increase in realized growth rate occurs. This lag after a favorable mutation results from the number of generations required for a single favorable mutant cell to reach a significant fraction of the ∼10 5 cells in the culture. A numerical experiment that includes a simple plastic response formulation shows that plasticity could remove this lag and yield results more in agreement with those observed in the laboratory study.

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“…Because in perennial plants, such as poplar, annual resetting via seeds does not occur, epigenetic adaptive stress responses might have an additional role in seasonal or site-specific memory. This has practical consequences, as in short rotation forestry, clonal and vegetatively propagated material is used and “ de novo ” methylations might transfer seasonal (annual) memory due to a lack of genetic recombination via seed propagation to “inherit” adaptive traits [12–14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-Dependent Differences in DNA Methylation and Their Impact on Plant Establishment and Phosphorus Nutrition in Populus trichocarpa

et al. 2016

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The propagation via clonal stem cuttings is a frequent practice in tree plantations. Despite their clonal origin, the trees establish differently according to weather, temperature and nutrient availability, as well as the presence of various stresses. Here, clonal Populus trichocarpa (cv. Muhle Larson) cuttings from different sites were transferred into a common, fully nutrient supplied environment. Despite identical underlying genetics, stem cuttings derived from sites with lower phosphorus availability established worse, independent of phosphorus (P) level after transplantation. Differential growth of material from the sites was reflected in differences in the whole genome DNA methylome. Methylation differences were sequence context-dependent, but differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were apparently unrelated to P nutrition genes. Despite the undisputed negative general correlation of DNA promoter methylation with gene repression, only few of the top-ranked DMRs resulted in differential gene expression in roots or shoots. However, differential methylation was associated with site-dependent, different total amounts of microRNAs (miRNAs), with few miRNAs sequences directly targeted by differential methylation. Interestingly, in roots and shoots, the miRNA amount was dependent on the previous habitat and changed in roots in a habitat-dependent way under phosphate starvation conditions. Differentially methylated miRNAs, together with their target genes, showed P-dependent expression profiles, indicating miRNA expression differences as a P-related epigenetic modification in poplar. Together with differences in DNA methylation, such epigenetic mechanisms may explain habitat or seasonal memory in perennials and site-dependent growth performances.

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Transgenerational plasticity in clonal plants

Cited by 93 publications

References 40 publications

The epigenetic footprint of poleward range‐expanding plants in apomictic dandelions

The epigenetic footprint of poleward range‐expanding plants in apomictic dandelions

A Model Simulation of the Adaptive Evolution through Mutation of the Coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi Based on a Published Laboratory Study

Site-Dependent Differences in DNA Methylation and Their Impact on Plant Establishment and Phosphorus Nutrition in Populus trichocarpa

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