Transgenic plants protected from insect attack

Vaeck, Mark; Reynaerts, A.; Höfte, Monica; Jansens, Stefan; Beuckeleer, Marc De; Dean, Caroline; Zabeau, Marc; Montagu, Marc Van; Leemans, J.

doi:10.1038/328033a0

Cited by 821 publications

(310 citation statements)

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“…The cry1Ac gene is truncated in the C terminus region and harbors the intact N terminus region of the native gene (Sardana et al, 1996). B. thuringiensis toxins produced in transgenic plants have often been expressed as protein-truncated at the C terminus, because this has resulted in higher expression levels (Vaeck et al, 1987). In terms of codon usage, the cry1Ac gene was designed for expression in dicots and has a G+C content of 47.7%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic performance, chromosomal stability and resistance to velvetbean caterpillar of transgenic soybean expressing cry1Ac gene

Homrich

Passaglia

Pereira

et al. 2008

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to analyze the agronomic performance and chromosomal stability of transgenic homozygous progenies of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.], and to confirm the resistance of these plants against Anticarsia gemmatalis. Eleven progenies expressing cry1Ac, hpt and gusA genes were evaluated for agronomic characteristics in relation to the nontransformed parent IAS 5 cultivar. Cytogenetical analysis was carried out on transgenic and nontransgenic plants. Two out of the 11 transgenic progenies were also evaluated, in vitro and in vivo, for resistance to A. gemmatalis. Two negative controls were used in resistance bioassays: a transgenic homozygous line, containing only the gusA reporter gene, and nontransgenic 'IAS 5' plants. The presence of cry1Ac transgene affected neither the development nor the yield of plants. Cytogenetical analysis showed that transgenic plants presented normal karyotype. In detached-leaf bioassay, cry1Ac plants exhibited complete efficacy against A. gemmatalis, whereas negative controls were significantly damaged. Whole-plant feeding assay confirmed a very high protection of cry1Ac against velvetbean caterpillar, while nontransgenic 'IAS 5' plants and homozygous gusA line exhibited 56.5 and 71.5% defoliation, respectively. The presence of cry1Ac transgene doesn't affect the majority of agronomic traits (including yield) of soybean and grants high protection against A. gemmatalis.Index terms: Anticarsia gemmatalis, Glycine max, plant resistance to insects, gene transfer.Performance agronômica, estabilidade cromossômica e resistência à lagarta-da-soja em soja transgênica que expressa o gene cry1AcResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a performance agronômica e a estabilidade cromossômica de progênies transgênicas homozigotas de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.], e confirmar a resistência dessas plantas a Anticarsia gemmatalis. Onze progênies com expressão dos genes cry1Ac, hpt e gusA foram avaliadas quanto às características agronômicas, em relação à cultivar parental IAS 5 não transformada. Análises citogenéticas foram realizadas em plantas transgênicas e não transgênicas. Duas das 11 progênies transgênicas também foram avaliadas quanto à resistência a A. gemmatalis, em bioensaios in vitro e in vivo. Dois controles negativos foram utilizados nos bioensaios: uma linha transgênica homozigota, com apenas o gene repórter gusA, e plantas de 'IAS 5' não transgênicas. A presença do transgene cry1Ac não afetou nem o desenvolvimento nem a produtividade das plantas. As plantas transgênicas apresentaram cariótipo normal. No bioensaio com folhas destacadas, as plantas cry1Ac exibiram completa eficácia contra A. gemmatalis, enquanto os controles negativos foram significativamente danificados. Ensaios com plantas inteiras confirmaram a elevada proteção do cry1Ac contra a lagarta-da-soja, enquanto as plantas 'IAS 5' não transgênicas e a linha homozigota gusA exibiram 56.5 e 71.5% de desfolhação, respectivamente. A presença do transgene cry1Ac não afeta a performanc...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic performance, chromosomal stability and resistance to velvetbean caterpillar of transgenic soybean expressing cry1Ac gene

Homrich

Passaglia

Pereira

et al. 2008

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Reduced feeding rates to complete larval mortality of Manduca sexta was reported on transgenic tobacco plants expressing Bt crystal proteins. Barton, Whiteley, Yang 1987;Vaeck et al, 1987 More recently, complete mortality of larvae of 2 insect pests (Manduca sexta and Heliothis virescens) and negligible leaf damage was observed on transgenic tobacco plants expressing cry1Ac gene under the control of wound-inducible promoter. Gulbitti-Onarici et al, 2009 Up to 100% larval mortality of Lepidopteran insect pests (Manduca sexta, Heliothis virescens, Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera litura) and very little sign of feeding damage has been reported on transgenic tomato plants expressing crystal toxin from Bt var.…”

Section: Insect Resistance Evaluation Of the Cry1ac Transgenic Pea Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and functional characterization ofcry1Actransgenic pea lines

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT. Transgenic pea lines transformed with the cry1Ac gene were characterized at molecular (PCR, RT-PCR, qRT-PCR and immunostrip assay) and functional levels (leaf paint and insect feeding bioassays). The results showed the presence, expression, inheritance and functionality of the introduced transgene at different progeny levels. Variation in the expression of the cry1Ac gene was observed among the different transgenic lines. In the insect bioassay studies using the larvae of Heliothis virescens, both larval survival and plant damage were highly affected on the different transgenic plants. Up to 100 % larval mortality was observed on the transgenic plants compared to 17.42 % on control plants. Most of the challenged transgenic plants showed very negligible to substantially reduced feeding damage indicating the insect resistance of the developed transgenic lines. Further analysis under field condition will be required to select promising lines for future uses.

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“…The first transgenic tobacco plants with Bt were produced in 1987(Barton et al 1987Fischoff et al 1987;Vaeck et al 1987). These plants expressed full length or truncated Bt toxin genes (Cry 1A) under the control of constitutive promoters.…”

Section: Transgenic Crops With Bt Genementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The problems associated with specificity, shelf life, potency and presence of viable spores have been overcome by using modern tools in microbiology and genetic engineering. Genes encoding for the δ-endotoxins have been cloned since 1980s (Schnepf and Whitley, 1981), and expression of first introduced genes in tobacco and tomato provided the first example of genetically modified plants with resistance to insects (Barton et al 1987;Vaeck et al 1987).…”

Section: Novel Genes For Genetic Transformation Of Crop Plants For Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants transformed with truncated gene expressed about 0.02% of total leaf soluble protein. Gene truncation, use of different promoters, enhancer sequences and fusion proteins resulted in only a marginal improvement in gene expression (Barton et al 1987;Vaeck et al 1987;Perlak et al 1990;Carozzi et al 1992). Cotton cultivar Coker 312 was first transformed by using modified PM Cry1A(c) gene under the control of CaMV35S promoter containing a duplicated enhancer region.…”

Section: Transgenic Crops With Bt Genementioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement

Sharma¹,

Sharma²,

Seetharama³

et al. 2000

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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Integrated pest management has historically placed great hopes on host plant resistance. However, conventional host-plant resistance to insects involves quantitative traits at several loci. As a result, the progress has been slow and difficult to achieve. With the advent of genetic transformation techniques, it has become possible to clone and insert genes into the crop plants to confer resistance to insect pests. Resistance to insects has been demonstrated in transgenic plants expressing genes for δ δ-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), protease inhibitors, enzymes and plant lectins. Most of the plant derived genes produce chronic rather than toxic effects and some insect pests are not sensitive to some of these factors. The potential of plant derived genes can be realised by deploying them in combination with host plant resistance and exotic genes. Genes conferring resistance to insects have been inserted into crop plants such as maize, cotton, potato, tobacco, potatoes, rice, broccoli, lettuce, walnuts, apples, alfalfa and soybean. Genetically transformed crops with Bt genes have been deployed for cultivation in USA, China and Australia. However, very little has been done to use this technology for improving crop production in the harsh environments of the tropics, where the need for increasing food production is most urgent. International agricultural research centres, advanced research institutes and the seed sector should make an effort to use these new tools for increasing food *Corresponding author production in poorer regions of the world. There is an urgent need to develop a scientifically sound strategy to deploy exotic and plant derived genes for minimising the extent of losses caused by insect pests. Equally important is the need for following the biosafety regulations, more responsible public debate, social attitude and better presentation of the benefits for a rational deployment of the genetically transformed plants.

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Transgenic plants protected from insect attack

Cited by 821 publications

References 0 publications

Agronomic performance, chromosomal stability and resistance to velvetbean caterpillar of transgenic soybean expressing cry1Ac gene

Agronomic performance, chromosomal stability and resistance to velvetbean caterpillar of transgenic soybean expressing cry1Ac gene

Molecular and functional characterization ofcry1Actransgenic pea lines

Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement

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