Transglutaminase 2: A Novel Autoantigen in Canine Idiopathic Central Nervous System Inflammatory Diseases

Tanaka, Miho; Inoue, Akiko; Yamamoto, Kei; Tamahara, Satoshi; Matsuki, Naoaki

doi:10.1292/jvms.11-0507

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The addition of recombinant canine TG2 antigen to the samples before testing them in the ELISA is required to exclude non‐specific effects. However, the measurement of canine anti‐TG2 antibodies has previously been performed in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs presenting with inflammatory meningoencephalitis in which verification of the ELISA was performed successfully . Measurement in the serum has not previously been undertaken.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical and Serological Effect of a Gluten‐Free Diet in Border Terriers with Epileptoid Cramping Syndrome

Lowrie

Garden

Hadjivassiliou

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCanine epileptoid cramping syndrome (CECS) is a paroxysmal movement disorder of Border Terriers (BTs). These dogs might respond to a gluten‐free diet.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the clinical and serological effect of a gluten‐free diet in BTs with CECS.AnimalsSix client‐owned BTs with clinically confirmed CECS.MethodsDogs were prospectively recruited that had at least a 6‐month history of CECS based on the observed phenomenology (using video) and had exhibited at least 2 separate episodes on different days. Dogs were tested for anti‐transglutaminase 2 (TG2 IgA) and anti‐gliadin (AGA IgG) antibodies in the serum at presentation, and 3, 6, and 9 months after the introduction of a gluten‐free diet. Duodenal biopsies were performed in 1 dog.ResultsSerum TG2 IgA titers were increased in 6/6 BTs (P = .006) and AGA IgG titers were increased in 5/6 BTs at presentation compared to those of controls (P = .018). After 9 months, there was clinical and serological improvement in all BTs with CECS strictly adhering to a gluten‐free diet (5/5). One dog had persistently increased antibody titers. This dog scavenged horse manure. On the strict introduction of a gluten‐free diet this dog also had an improved clinical and serological response. The diet‐associated improvement was reversible in 2 dogs on completion of the study, both of which suffered a relapse of CECS on the re‐introduction of gluten.ConclusionsCanine epileptoid cramping syndrome in BTs is a gluten‐sensitive movement disorder triggered and perpetuated by gluten and thus responsive to a gluten‐free diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical and Serological Effect of a Gluten‐Free Diet in Border Terriers with Epileptoid Cramping Syndrome

Lowrie

Garden

Hadjivassiliou

et al. 2015

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…In veterinary medicine, disease-specific markers and their potential prognostic value have not yet been validated. Auto-antibodies against astrocytes such as anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (142, 143) and anti-transglutaminase-2 (TG-2) antibodies (144) have been identified in dogs with MUE and particularly NME. Nonetheless, there is currently no evidence available linking the presence of these biomarkers to canine ON and its outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Factors for Recovery of Vision in Canine Optic Neuritis of Unknown Etiology: 26 Dogs (2003–2018)

et al. 2019

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Optic neuritis (ON) is a recognized condition, yet factors influencing recovery of vision are currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify prognostic factors for recovery of vision in canine ON of unknown etiology. Clinical databases of three referral hospitals were searched for dogs with presumptive ON based on clinicopathologic, MRI/CT, and fundoscopic findings. Twenty-six dogs diagnosed with presumptive ON of unknown etiology, isolated (I-ON) and MUE-associated (MUE-ON), were included in the study. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively, and the association of complete recovery of vision with signalment, clinicopathologic findings, and treatment was investigated. Datasets were tested for normality using the D'Agostino and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Individual datasets were compared using the Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U-test. For multiple comparisons with parametric datasets, the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and for non-parametric datasets, the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to test for independence. For all data, averages are expressed as median with interquartile range and significance set at p < 0.05. Twenty-six dogs met the inclusion criteria. Median follow-up was 230 days (range 21–1901 days, mean 496 days). Six dogs (23%) achieved complete recovery and 20 dogs (77%) incomplete or no recovery of vision. The presence of a reactive pupillary light reflex (p = 0.013), the absence of fundoscopic lesions (p = 0.0006), a younger age (p = 0.038), and a lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total nucleated cell count (TNCC) (p = 0.022) were statistically associated with complete recovery of vision. Dogs with I-ON were significantly younger (p = 0.046) and had lower CSF TNCC (p = 0.030) compared to the MUE-ON group. This study identified prognostic factors that may influence complete recovery of vision in dogs with ON. A larger cohort of dogs is required to determine whether these findings are robust and whether additional parameters aid accurate prognosis for recovery of vision in canine ON.

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Miscellaneous Infections and Inflammatory Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Tipold¹,

Vandevelde²,

Barber³

et al. 2021

Greene's Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat

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Transglutaminase 2: A Novel Autoantigen in Canine Idiopathic Central Nervous System Inflammatory Diseases

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

The Clinical and Serological Effect of a Gluten‐Free Diet in Border Terriers with Epileptoid Cramping Syndrome

The Clinical and Serological Effect of a Gluten‐Free Diet in Border Terriers with Epileptoid Cramping Syndrome

Prognostic Factors for Recovery of Vision in Canine Optic Neuritis of Unknown Etiology: 26 Dogs (2003–2018)

Miscellaneous Infections and Inflammatory Disorders of the Central Nervous System

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