Transient analysis of grounding systems for wind turbines

Cavka, Damir; Poljak, Dragan; Dorić, Vicko; Goić, Ranko

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.042

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…7 [5]. It mainly consists of a square of galvanized steel flanges (gray line) buried at 2 m depth, two copper (a) (b) ring wires (black line) at two different levels, the smaller one at 5 cm depth while the larger one at 55 cm depth, four wires connecting the inner circle with the outer one, and additional eight copper wires connecting the outer circle and the square with the tower.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wind turbines energy have been widely considered as one of the best choices in terms of payback time and energy conversion; thus, their installations have recently increased, interesting also those regions where lightning activity is significant and consequent damages may very likely occur [4,5]. Wind turbines are candidate victims for cloud-to-ground lightning mainly due to their special shape and complexity of apparatus: moreover, they are often located in isolated locations, at hill or mountain altitudes, where the high values of the keraunic level increase the probability of damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transient behavior of wind towers grounding systems under lightning strikes

Araneo

Celozzi

2015

Int J Energy Environ Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wind turbines, because of their height and localization, are frequently subject to direct lightning strikes. Thus, the investigation on the performance of their grounding system is of paramount interest for the prediction of the potential threats either for people working in (or animals passing through) the wind farm area and for the power and control units installed in close proximity of the turbine towers. In this paper,we perform a comprensive study of the transient behavior of the earthing systems of wind turbines. The analysis is conducted in the frequency domain and an hybrid approach, based on circuit theory and Method of Moments, is adopted to fully account for resistive, inductive and capacitive couplings between elements of the ground system. The actual transient behavior is obtained by means of an Inverse Fourier Transform. The results, computed considering a typical wind turbine grounding system configuration, provide more insight on the nature of the early-time transient response of grounding systems and allow to draw up useful design guidelines.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient behavior of wind towers grounding systems under lightning strikes

Araneo

Celozzi

2015

Int J Energy Environ Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wind turbine grounding system attracts considerable interest recently; dealing with the analysis of transient impedance and ground potential rise, example in Refs. [10,13]. The basic representation of a wind turbine grounding system is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Wind Farm Grounding Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil ionization is considered in the modelling of the tower footing resistance. The grounding resistance is modelled as nonlinear current dependent resistance and calculated using Equation (10). This equation is incorporated into EMTP-ATP through the use of MODELS language [47,48], where R o is the ground resistance at low current and low frequency, iðtÞ is the low impulse current flowing through the rod, I g is the current that started the ionization of the soil.…”

Section: Soil Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, in some European countries, with lower keraunic levels, the rate of lightning related damages is quite different. The report shows that 4e8% of wind turbines are damaged by lightning annually in some regions in Europe [7,9,10]. Additionally, lightning related damages to the control systems amounts to 51% according to IEC/TR61400-24 [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of multiple lightning strokes on the energy absorbed by MOV surge arresters in wind farms during direct lightning strikes

Malcolm

Aggarwal

2015

Renewable Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tThis paper proposes a modelling and simulation process for assessing the energy absorption capability of metal oxide varistor (MOV) surge arresters used for lightning protection of wind turbines electrical systems situated in wind farms, when exposed to multiple lightning strokes. A section of an existing wind farm, suitable for lightning transient overvoltage analysis is implemented in the Electromagnetic transients programme-Alternative transients programme (EMTP-ATP) environment and modelled as a test system for analysing the energy absorbed by the medium voltage surge arresters when multiple lightning strokes are terminated on one of the blade of the wind turbines. Two well-established sets of multiple lightning current parameters are employed in the EMTP-ATP simulations; the natural downward negative multiple lightning strokes recommended by CIGRE TB 549 (2013) and the downward positive multiple lightning strokes recommended by IEC 61400-24-2010 for lightning protection level one (LPL1). The results show that the subsequent stroke causes the surge arresters to absorbed less than ten percent additional energy compared to that of the first stroke. This comparative analysis could be found beneficial when designing lightning overvoltage protection system and for selecting the most cost effective and optimal energy absorption capabilities of the surge arresters for the intended wind farms.

show abstract

Lightning Electromagnetics

2018

Computational Method in Electromagnetic Compatibility

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transient analysis of grounding systems for wind turbines

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Transient behavior of wind towers grounding systems under lightning strikes

Transient behavior of wind towers grounding systems under lightning strikes

The impact of multiple lightning strokes on the energy absorbed by MOV surge arresters in wind farms during direct lightning strikes

Lightning Electromagnetics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About