Transient Behavior of Inclusions during Reoxidation of Si-killed Stainless Steels in Continuous Casting Tundish

Li, Shusen; Zhang, Lifeng; Ren, Ying; Wen, Fusheng; Yang, Wen; Shi-jie, Shao; Yang, Jinlong; Mao, Weidong

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2015-694

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Owing to the importance of inclusions, scholars have conducted many researches on the inclusion control in stainless steel, such as size distribution, thermodynamic calculation, formation mechanism, reaction kinetics and dynamic evolution of the nonmetallic inclusions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], mostly for Al-deoxidised stainless steel at steelmaking temperature. Until now, the researches involved in Si-deoxidised 304 stainless steel, especially the discussions on the relationship between industrial trial and thermodynamic calculation, are limited [17][18][19]. Jong et al [17] and Kim et al [18] respectively clarified the formation mechanism of CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MgO-TiO 2 complex inclusion and spinel inclusions in Si-deoxidised stainless steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jong et al [17] and Kim et al [18] respectively clarified the formation mechanism of CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -MgO-TiO 2 complex inclusion and spinel inclusions in Si-deoxidised stainless steel. Li et al [19] studied the reoxidation behavior and inclusions in Si-deoxidised stainless steel in the tundish a casting sequence with three heats. It is not good for the optimization of refining process and the inclusion control in Si-deoxidised stainless steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamics and transient behavior of the inclusion in Si deoxidized stainless steel for high-grade plate

Wang

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2019

Metall. Res. Technol.

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The experiments were carried out to determine the transient behavior of the inclusion in Si-deoxidized stainless steel for high-grade plate. The samples were taken from three heats of the steel during the whole production process from the AOD to the mold, which were subsequently examined by an automatic scanning electron microscope with field energy dispersive spectrometer (FE-SEM&EDS). It can be summarized that appropriate calcium treatment intensity could modify inclusions into liquid ones. Excessive calcium treatment above ([Ca] = 25 ppm) will increase the melting point of the inclusions, which cannot keep in the liquid region at the solidification temperature. Therefore, the calcium addition in Si-deoxidized stainless steels should be controlled to a relatively lower value ([Ca] = 10 ppm). In addition, the content of aluminum in steel also has an important influence on the control of inclusion. When the content of aluminum ([Al] = 0.012%) is too high, the inclusions in steel are difficult to be controlled within the liquid phase. The chemical evolution of the inclusions in steel at high temperature and during solidification process were comprehensively calculated, considering all types of inclusions such as calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, calcium aluminate, calcium silicate, mullite, and liquid inclusion. The thermodynamic calculations are in good agreement with experimental results, which can predict the formation of the inclusions in Si-deoxidized stainless steels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and transient behavior of the inclusion in Si deoxidized stainless steel for high-grade plate

Wang

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2019

Metall. Res. Technol.

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“…Because steel grades require an increasingly high degree of purity, particularly for micro-inclusions with sizes of 1 µm to 50 µm, the tundish must be able to remove the micro-inclusions in the steel [19][20][21][22][23]. Unfortunately, the currently used tundishes and in particular the tundish used for high casting speed caster, cannot remove the micro-inclusions effectively [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal Mechanism of Microscale Non-Metallic Inclusions in a Tundish with Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles

Jin

Dong

et al. 2018

Metals

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To effectively remove microscale inclusions in the tundish, the Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles (MHDB), a novel flow control device in the tundish for continuous casting, was developed. The hole array mode of the MHDB will directly affect the trajectories of the inclusions. The effect and removal mechanism of the inclusions with sizes of 1 µm to 50 µm in the tundish with MHDB were studied by numerical simulation. The hole array mode of MHDB could affect the inclusions' trajectories and distribution, and the mechanism underlying the effect of the MHDB was investigated using the discrete phase model (DPM). A 1:2.5 physical model was built to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation. The results showed that micro-inclusions were primarily driven by the drag force exerted by the molten steel flow, micro-inclusion trajectories followed the molten steel streamlines almost exactly, but buoyancy still played a role in the removal of the micro-inclusions near the molten steel surface; the hole array mode affected the trajectories of the micro-inclusions and controlled and decelerated the flow of molten steel, increasing the residence time of the molten steel flow a the value that is 15 times larger than the theoretical value; and "upper-in-lower-out" type MHDB showed the most efficient removal of micro-inclusions, with the removal rate being increased by 13-49% compared to the removal rates for the other type MHDB. The results of numerical simulation were well verified by physical simulation.

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“…Many efforts have been done to optimize steelmaking technologies to control the amount, size, and chemical compositions of non‐metallic inclusions in molten steel, such as the formation, modification, and removal of inclusions in molten steel. Less attention has been paid to the formation mechanism of oxide inclusions during the solidification of steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation Mechanism of Mn–Al–O Inclusions in Fe–Cr–Mn Stainless Steel during Continuous Casting

Cheng

Li³

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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The formation mechanism of Mn–Al–O inclusions in Fe–Cr–Mn stainless steel during continuous casting is investigated by industrial trials and thermodynamic calculation. The morphology, composition, and size distribution of inclusions in steel specimens are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The main inclusions change from spherical Ca–Si–O and Ca–Si–Mn–O inclusions during LF refining to Mn–Al–O inclusions in continuous casting slab and hot‐rolled sheet. The size of most Mn–Al–O inclusions containing high MnO content is smaller than 4 µm. The formation of these inclusions is consistent with thermodynamic calculation, which indicates that MnO and Al2O3 inclusions are formed during continuous casting process. The calculation results of MnO and Al2O3 inclusions growth shown that the size of MnO inclusion (4 µm) is much larger than that of Al2O3 inclusion (0.4 µm) at the end of solidification, which also accords with the characteristics of inclusions in continuous casting slab and hot‐rolled sheet.

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Transient Behavior of Inclusions during Reoxidation of Si-killed Stainless Steels in Continuous Casting Tundish

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Thermodynamics and transient behavior of the inclusion in Si deoxidized stainless steel for high-grade plate

Thermodynamics and transient behavior of the inclusion in Si deoxidized stainless steel for high-grade plate

Removal Mechanism of Microscale Non-Metallic Inclusions in a Tundish with Multi-Hole-Double-Baffles

The Formation Mechanism of Mn–Al–O Inclusions in Fe–Cr–Mn Stainless Steel during Continuous Casting

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