Transient invagination of flagella by Tritrichomonas foetus

Granger, Bruce L.; Warwood, S.J.; Benchimol, Marlene; Souza, Wanderley de

doi:10.1007/pl00008555

Cited by 67 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These cells forms, named pseudocysts, have been previously described in stressed trichomonads (Granger et al 2000). These authors described an in vitro system of reversible pseudocyst formation in T. foetus treated with a variety of agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrogen peroxide induces caspase activation and programmed cell death in the amitochondrial Tritrichomonas foetus

Mariante

Guimarães

Linden

et al. 2003

Histochemistry and Cell Biology

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Tritrichomonas foetus is an amitochondrial parasite protist which lacks typical eukaryote organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes, but possesses the hydrogenosome, a double-membrane-bound organelle that produces ATP. The cell death of amitochondrial organisms is poorly studied. In the present work, the cytotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide on T. foetus and its participation on cell death were analyzed. We took advantage of several microscopy techniques, including videomicroscopy, light microscopy immunocytochemistry for detection of caspase activation, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We report here that in T. foetus: (1) H(2)O(2) leads to loss of motility and induces cell death, (2) the dying cells exhibit some characteristics similar to those found during the death of other organisms, and (3) a caspase-like protein seems to be activated during the death process. Thus, we propose that, although T. foetus does not present mitochondria nor any known pathways of cell death, it is likely that it bears mechanisms of cell demise. T. foetus exhibits morphological and physiological alterations in response to H(2)O(2) treatment. The hydrogenosome, a unique organelle which is supposed to share a common ancestral origin with mitochondria and has an important role in oxidative responses in trichomonads, is a candidate for participating in this event.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrogen peroxide induces caspase activation and programmed cell death in the amitochondrial Tritrichomonas foetus

Mariante

Guimarães

Linden

et al. 2003

Histochemistry and Cell Biology

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“…Compared to the T. foetus reference strain 30924, the cat isolate did not show the typical elongated, slightly pear-shaped form but was rounded and full-bodied. Such changes in morphology have been described by various authors as signs of stress caused by variations in temperature or other physical influences or as effects of treatment with various drugs (Granger et al 2000;da Silva et al 2007;Carvalho and Gadelha 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cats in Switzerland detected by in vitro cultivation and PCR

et al. 2008

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Tritrichomonas foetus, a parasite well known for its significance as venereally transmitted pathogen in cattle, has recently been identified as a cause of chronic largebowel diarrhea in domestic cats in the US, UK, and, more recently, also in Norway. In a period of 3 months (October to December 2007), 45 cats of Switzerland suffering from chronic diarrhea were investigated for intestinal infections, including a search for trichomonads. A commercially available in vitro culture system was used to screen for infection, complemented with a PCR and subsequent amplicon sequencing to support speciation. The PCR is based upon amplification of a sequence derived from the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1) on the ribosomal RNA gene (rRNA) using primers designed to detect a broad range of genera and species belonging to the family of Trichomonadidae. The method was furthermore adapted to the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) system in order to prevent carry-over contamination and it included a recombinant internal control to track for inhibitory reactions. Eleven out of the 45 cats were culture-positive, as revealed by microscopic identification of trichomonadid organisms. One of the isolates was subjected to scanning electron microscopy and findings revealed the presence of three flagella, thus placing the isolate into the gender Tritrichomonas sp. PCR and subsequent amplicon sequencing were carried out with ten of the 11 isolates. A total homology with published T. foetus sequences was confirmed in all of the cases. T. foetus therefore appears to range among those organisms that can cause chronic diarrhea in cats in Switzerland.

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“…The mode of transmission is the direct type, for oral-fecal route (Brugerolle 1973, Farmer 1993 having pseudocysts important role in the transmission cycles of these protozoa. The pseudocyst, which can reverse the process and turn again a mobile trophozoite (Granger et al 2000), is able to multiply and maintain their form infecting new hosts (Pereira-Neves et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection by Tritrichomonas foetus and Pentatrichomonas hominis in asymptomatic cats

et al. 2015

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RESUMO.-[Co-infecção por Tritrichomonas foetus e Pentatrichomonas hominis em gatos assintomáticos.] Tritrichomonas foetus, um parasito bem conhecido por seu significado como um agente patogênico transmitido venereamente em bovinos, também foi identificado como causa de diarreia crónica do intestino grosso em gatos domésticos em muitos países. No Brasil, vários estudos sobre o diagnósti-co de tricomonose bovina foram realizados, mas até agora, não há informação disponível em relação à trichomonose felina. Assim, este é o primeiro estudo a relatar a ocorrência Tritrichomonas foetus, a parasite well known for its significance as a venereally transmitted pathogen in cattle, has been identified as a cause of chronic large bowel diarrhea in domestic cats in many countries of the world. In Brazil, several studies on the diagnosis of bovine trichomoniasis have been performed, but until now, no study was made regarding feline trichomoniasis. Thus, this is the first study to report the occurrence of T. foetus and Pentatrichomonas hominis in cats using morphological and molecular analysis. Feces from 77 cats were examined, four of which (5.2%) were positive for the presence of parabasalids. Morphological analysis of stained smears revealed piriform trophozoites showing the three anterior flagella, elongated nucleus and axostyle ending abruptly in fillet, characteristic of T. foetus. In scanning and transmission electron microscopy, identification characters similar to those previously reported for T. foetus were observed. The cultures containing trophozoites were submitted for molecular analysis, which resulted positive for T. foetus DNA using specific primers (TFR3 and TFR4), and all samples were positive and subjected to sequencing in which they showed 99.7-100% similarity with another isolate sequencing of T. foetus (JX960422). Although no trophozoite with consistent morphology of P. hominis has been visualized in the samples, differential diagnosis was performed using specific primers for P. hominis (TH3 and TH5) amplicon. In three of the four samples (3.89%) sequencing revealed 100% similarity when compared with another sequence of P. hominis deposited in Genbank (KC623939). Therefore, the present study revealed through the diagnostic techniques employed the simultaneous infection by T. foetus and P. hominis in the feces of cats. However, it was necessary to use more than one technique for the diagnosis of the co-infection. These results demonstrate the importance of a correct diagnosis to allow an appropriate treatment by the veterinarian.

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Transient invagination of flagella by Tritrichomonas foetus

Cited by 67 publications

References 37 publications

Hydrogen peroxide induces caspase activation and programmed cell death in the amitochondrial Tritrichomonas foetus

Hydrogen peroxide induces caspase activation and programmed cell death in the amitochondrial Tritrichomonas foetus

Intestinal Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cats in Switzerland detected by in vitro cultivation and PCR

Co-infection by Tritrichomonas foetus and Pentatrichomonas hominis in asymptomatic cats

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