Transient Kinetics of Slag Metal Reactions

Brooks, Geoffrey; Rhamdhani, M. Akbar; Coley, Kenneth S.; Subagyo, Subagyo; Pan, Yuhua

doi:10.1007/s11663-008-9170-6

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The swelling of an iron droplet under oxidizing conditions was observed by Min and Fruehan, 7) and Molloseau and Fruehan 8) for an Fe-C droplet exposed to oxidizing slag. The phenomenon was also observed by Sun et al 9) and Gao et al 10) for an Fe-C droplet exposed to oxidizing gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Reaction Rates and Swelling Phenomenon of Fe–C Droplets in FeO bearing Slag

Sun

2006

ISIJ Int.

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The reduction of FeO in slag by an iron droplet, decarburisation of the droplet and the droplet swelling phenomenon during slag-metal droplet reaction were analyzed by a kinetic model. Diffusions in the slag phase, diffusions throughout the droplet, interfacial reactions, equilibrium relations and homogeneous nucleation of gas bubbles within the droplet were incorporated in the model.During an Fe-C droplet reaction with FeO bearing slag, decarburisation rate increases with increasing FeO in slag, carbon in the droplet and the droplet size, but the rate decreases with increasing silicon in metal and ambient pressure. The decarburisation rate in unit surface area of the droplet increases with increasing the droplet size. Slow decarburisation during the initial stage of the reaction was suggested by the model, and the desiliconisation and oxygen absorption of the droplet were found to be responsible for this initial slow decarburisation. The initial slow decarburisation is pronounced when the droplet contains higher carbon and silicon, or when the reaction occurs under higher pressure and with the slag containing lower FeO. CO bubble generation within the droplet was suggested to cause the swelling of the droplet. The occurrence of swelling is promoted when the droplet contains higher carbon and lower silicon, slag contains higher FeO, or when the droplet is small, and the reaction occurs under lower pressure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Reaction Rates and Swelling Phenomenon of Fe–C Droplets in FeO bearing Slag

Sun

2006

ISIJ Int.

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“…where, Q is the gas flow (Nm 3 •h −1 ). The corresponding parameters of the model and the prototype, calculated with the geometric similarity and the dynamic similarity, are shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Physical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the physical heat carried out by splashing can reach 938.7 kJ per 100 kg metal, accounting for 0.7% of the total heat expenditure [2]. The splashed slag and metal may stick on the furnace mouth, gas flue, oxygen lance, and slag channel, causing difficulties in slag transportation and continuous production [3][4][5]. Moreover, a large amount of smoke generated by splashing is harmful to the furnace lining and the production environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Modelling of Splashing Triggered by the Gas Jet of an Oxygen Lance in a Converter

Zhang

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Metals

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To characterize the splashing behavior under the impact of the top-blown gas jet in converter, in this paper a physical model is developed with the prototype of a 200 t converter in China. We captured the impact cavity morphology triggered by the top-blown gas jet of the oxygen lance, and found that the impact cavity shape gradually changed following the sequence of “disc” → “bowl” → “cone” with the increase in the gas flow, leading to the variation of the splashing modes. Moreover, the splashing inside and outside the converter was characterized quantitatively under the different top-blown gas jet conditions. The results showed that the splashing on the furnace inner wall concentrated at the region adjacent to the molten bath surface, implying severe flushing of the furnace lining of this region. The critical gas flow of splashing outside the converter is 32.3 Nm3·h−1, corresponding to a gas flow of 39,000 Nm3·h−1 in the prototype. In addition, the foaming slag can suppress the splashing during the smelting process. The statistics of the splashing flux provide a reference for maintaining the safety of the workers and the converter equipment.

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“…(3) was included for the calculation of the decarburization rate of the metal droplets in the emulsion phase. The kinetic model proposed by Brooks et al, 18) based on a simple surface renewal model of carbon diffusions, was applied in this study. The selection of this model can be found in an earlier article by the authors.…”

Section: Rate-determining Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Model of Oxygen Steelmaking Part 2: Application of Bloated Droplet Theory for Decarburization in Emulsion Zone

2011

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The development of a global model for oxygen steelmaking and its validation against industrial data was reported in Part 1 of this paper. This paper focused on the development of one sub-model on the decarburization reaction in the emulsion zone incorporating the bloated droplet theory. This paper also critically evaluated the current knowledge on the kinetics of decarburization reaction in the emulsion phase and discussed the repercussions of the new model for industrial practices. The decarburization model, in conjunction with the industrial data, indicates that the decarburization rates in the emulsion phase reaches up to approximately 60% of the overall decarburization rate during the main blow. It was found that the residence time of droplets as well as decarburization reaction rate via emulsified droplets was strong function of bloating behavior of metal droplets in the emulsion phase. The estimated residence times of the metal droplets in the emulsion were between 0.4 to 45 s throughout the blow. The influence of variations in droplet size and ejection angle on residence time and decarburization rates via emulsified droplets was also investigated. It was shown in this study that the decarburization rates in the emulsion were accelerated if droplet size was decreased or if the ejection angle was decreased.

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Transient Kinetics of Slag Metal Reactions

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Reaction Rates and Swelling Phenomenon of Fe–C Droplets in FeO bearing Slag

Reaction Rates and Swelling Phenomenon of Fe–C Droplets in FeO bearing Slag

Physical Modelling of Splashing Triggered by the Gas Jet of an Oxygen Lance in a Converter

Comprehensive Model of Oxygen Steelmaking Part 2: Application of Bloated Droplet Theory for Decarburization in Emulsion Zone

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