Transient or steady‐state? Using vertical temperature profiles to quantify groundwater–surface water exchange

Anibas, Christian; Fleckenstein, Jan H.; Volze, Nina; Buis, Kerst; Verhoeven, Ronny; Meire, Patrick; Batelaan, Okke

doi:10.1002/hyp.7289

Cited by 126 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Further indirect methods for quantifying LGD rates are based on Darcy's law and require detailed observations of pressure head gradients (e.g., in piezometers) and hydraulic conductivity of the local aquifer [Stauffer, 1985;Kishel and Gerla, 2002]. Sediment depth profiles of temperature [Schmidt et al, 2006;Stonestrom and Constantz, 2003;Anibas et al, 2009;Meinikmann et al, 2013] or conservative ions [Mortimer et al, 1999;Schuster et al, 2003] at the sedimentwater interface have been successfully analyzed for indirect determination of water fluxes at the groundwater-surface water interface. However, the application of these methods is subject to certain assumptions (see sections 2.2.2 and 4.1) and requires the existence of distinct differences in the respective characteristics of the groundwater and surface water end-members.…”

Section: Quantitative Methods For Estimating Seepage Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upscaling lacustrine groundwater discharge rates by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing

et al. 2013

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[1] Despite the importance of groundwater inflow for water quantity and quality of many lakes world wide, adequate methodologies for the determination of lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) rates at scales larger than the point scale and with sufficient spatial resolution are still lacking. Observations of suitably large data sets for the calculation of groundwater discharge rates by traditional methods are very time and labor intensive, often limiting the spatial extent or resolution of experimental investigations. The present study compares upscaling approaches that utilize information on LGD rates derived from a single transect of either sediment temperature profiles or vertical hydraulic gradients. Two transfer functions that integrate the single-transect information with spatially detailed temperature measurements based on fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) were developed and tested for their ability to identify 2-D patterns of LGD rates at larger scales. Results were compared with a simplified approach, based on the pragmatic assumption of exponential decline of LGD rates perpendicular to the shoreline. Both FO-DTS based upscaling approaches were able to reproduce the distinct small-scale heterogeneities in LGD patterns and quantities that were observed in an extensive reference survey using LGD estimates based on sediment temperature profiles. The transfer functions generated satisfactory representations of flow patterns, even when only low numbers (4 in this case) of reference measurements were used for their calibration, thus providing a successful proof of concept for this methodology and encouraging its further application at large scales.Citation: Blume, T., S. Krause, K. Meinikmann, and J. Lewandowski (2013), Upscaling lacustrine groundwater discharge rates by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing, Water Resour. Res., 49,[7929][7930][7931][7932][7933][7934][7935][7936][7937][7938][7939][7940][7941][7942][7943][7944]

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Section: Quantitative Methods For Estimating Seepage Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upscaling lacustrine groundwater discharge rates by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing

et al. 2013

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“…Schmidt et al, 2007;Anibas et al, 2009;Hannah et al, 2004Hannah et al, , 2009Constantz et al, 2003;Cardenas and Wilson, 2007;Krause et al, 2011b). Streambed heat transfer is controlled by three processes: (i) advective heat transfer, (ii) conductive heat transfer, and (iii) radiative heat transfer (Constantz, 2008;Hannah et al, 2004;Webb et al, 2008).…”

Section: Heat As Tracer For Exchange Fluxes At the Aquifer-river Intementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streambed temperature patterns have been frequently reported to be dominantly controlled by advective heat fluxes from down-welling surface waters or up-welling groundwater (Cardenas and Wilson, 2007;Hannah et al, 2004;Malcolm et al, 2002). By measuring streambed temperatures in an environment with significant differences in groundwater and surface water temperatures, the propagation of a heat signal can be used as proxy, indicating exchange flow directions (Hatch et al, 2010;Keery et al, 2007;Anibas et al, 2009;Schmidt et al, 2007;Anderson, 2005) or even to quantify exchange fluxes (Hatch et al, 2010;Westhoff et al, 2007).…”

Section: Heat As Tracer For Exchange Fluxes At the Aquifer-river Intementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating patterns and controls of groundwater up-welling in a lowland river by combining Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing with observations of vertical hydraulic gradients

Krause

Blume

Cassidy

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

140

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Abstract. This paper investigates the patterns and controls of aquifer-river exchange in a fast-flowing lowland river by the conjunctive use of streambed temperature anomalies identified with Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FO-DTS) and observations of vertical hydraulic gradients (VHG).FO-DTS temperature traces along this lowland river reach reveal discrete patterns with "cold spots" indicating groundwater up-welling. In contrast to previous studies using FO-DTS for investigation of groundwater-surface water exchange, the fibre-optic cable in this study was buried in the streambed sediments, ensuring clear signals despite fast flow and high discharges. During the observed summer baseflow period, streambed temperatures in groundwater up-welling locations were found to be up to 1.5 • C lower than ambient streambed temperatures. Due to the high river flows, the cold spots were sharp and distinctly localized without measurable impact on down-stream surface water temperature.VHG patterns along the stream reach were highly variable in space, revealing strong differences even at small scales. VHG patterns alone are indicators of both, structural heterogeneity of the stream bed as well as of the spatial heterogeneity of the groundwater-surface water exchange fluxes and are thus not conclusive in their interpretation. However, in combination with the high spatial resolution FO-DTS data we were able to separate these two influences and clearly identify locations of enhanced exchange, while also obtaining information on the complex small-scale streambed transmissivity patterns responsible for the very discrete exchange patterns. The validation of the combined VHG and FO-DTS approach provides an effective strategy for analysing drivers and controls of groundwater-surface water exchange, with implications for the quantification of biogeochemical cycling and contaminant transport at aquifer-river interfaces.

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“…As groundwater temperature is commonly higher than that of surface water in winter and lower in summer (Anibas et al, 2009), measurement of temperature in rivers and streambeds can be used to identify the gaining and losing…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the spatio-temporal variability in groundwater and surface water interactions: a multi-technique approach

Unland

Cartwright

Andersen

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The interaction between groundwater and surface water along the Tambo and Nicholson rivers, southeast Australia, was investigated using 222 Rn, Cl, differential flow gauging, head gradients, electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature profiles. Head gradients, temperature profiles, Cl concentrations and 222 Rn activities all indicate higher groundwater fluxes to the Tambo River in areas of increased topographic variation where the potential to form large groundwater-surface water gradients is greater. Groundwater discharge to the Tambo River calculated by Cl mass balance was significantly lower (1.48 × 10 4 to 1.41 × 10 3 m 3 day −1 ) than discharge estimated by 222 Rn mass balance (5.35 × 10 5 to 9.56 × 10 3 m 3 day −1 ) and differential flow gauging (5.41 × 10 5 to 6.30 × 10 3 m 3 day −1 ) due to bank return waters. While groundwater sampling from the bank of the Tambo River was intended to account for changes in groundwater chemistry associated with bank infiltration, variations in bank infiltration between sample sites remain unaccounted for, limiting the use of Cl as an effective tracer. Groundwater discharge to both the Tambo and Nicholson rivers was the highest under high-flow conditions in the days to weeks following significant rainfall, indicating that the rivers are well connected to a groundwater system that is responsive to rainfall. Groundwater constituted the lowest proportion of river discharge during times of increased rainfall that followed dry periods, while groundwater constituted the highest proportion of river discharge under baseflow conditions (21.4 % of the Tambo in April 2010 and 18.9 % of the Nicholson in September 2010).

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Transient or steady‐state? Using vertical temperature profiles to quantify groundwater–surface water exchange

Cited by 126 publications

References 62 publications

Upscaling lacustrine groundwater discharge rates by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing

Upscaling lacustrine groundwater discharge rates by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing

Investigating patterns and controls of groundwater up-welling in a lowland river by combining Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing with observations of vertical hydraulic gradients

Investigating the spatio-temporal variability in groundwater and surface water interactions: a multi-technique approach

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