Transient Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in Holstein Neonate Calves

Abstract

The neonatal period is a challenging phase for calves, and during this phase constant adaptations are required. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the invasive hemodynamics with the Swan-Ganz catheter in neonate calves to understand adaptive changes during the first 30 days of life. A prospective and observational study was conducted with 10 Holstein calves. Assessments of the right atrial pressure (RAP), right ventricular pressure (RVP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary capillary pressure (PW), cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and blood gas levels were performed. The analyses of PAP, PVR, PW, HR, sO2, and arterial blood gases differed (p < 0.05) between the evaluated periods. Our results indicated transient pulmonary artery hypertension during the process of extrauterine adaptation during the first 30 days of life. This hypertension must be considered as physiological and consequent to the neonatal adaptation process.

Forming 4-Methylcatechol as the Dominant Bioavailable Metabolite of Intraruminal Rutin Inhibits p-Cresol Production in Dairy Cows

“…Therefore, 4-methylcatechol might alleviate the oxidative stress occurred in the metabolic disorders of periparturient cows, such as hepatosteatosis and ketoacidosis [24,25]. In addition to its antioxidant activity, 4-methylcatechol has been shown to possess strong antiplatelet and hypotensive activities [26,27] and thus could function prophylactically against circulatory morbidities in dairy cows, such as pulmonary artery hypertension-elicited right-heart failure in neonatal calves [28]. It will be interesting to examine whether rutin supplementation might decrease the mortality associated with pulmonary artery hypertension in calves and improve the performance of adult cows.…”

Doenças na fase de aleitamento e práticas de manejo sanitário na criação de bezerras

“…A hipertensão da artéria pulmonar 14 transitória foi reportada como um processo fisiológico no período neonatal em bezerras da raça Holandesa . 15 Os animais com asfixia neonatal apresentam baixa pO 2 e desenvolvem hipertensão da artéria pulmonar, com persistência do forame oval e ducto arterioso, especialmente em bezerras clonadas . 16 A asfixia neonatal se caracteriza pela hipoxemia, hipercapnia e acidose mista, resultante da inadequada oxigenação do feto ou recém-nascido, descrita na literatura como Síndrome da Dificuldade Respira- 17,18 tória (SDR) ou Asfixia Perinatal .…”