Transient Traumatic ‘Locked-in’ Syndrome

Chang, Brenda; Morariu, Mircea A.

doi:10.1159/000115110

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In addition, there are a limited number of LIS case reports in the literature. [ 2 9 ] In patients with suspected LIS, a CT or MRI can be used for diagnostic purposes. In some posttraumatic LIS cases, CT lesions may be nonspecific and may not always be located in the ventral pons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locked-in syndrome caused by the pressure exerted by the sound gun

et al. 2014

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A 19-year-old male patient who wounded himself with a gun in the cranial region had a Glasgow coma scale of 3E. At posttraumatic day 7, locked-in syndrome was considered upon detection of vertical eye movements, meaningful winks, and quadriplegia. Apart from the classical view, computed tomography (CT) and postmortem examination of the brain showed an infarct area in the cerebellum. However, vertebrobasilar artery system was normal. In this case report, we would like to present that unlike cases with ischemia, specific CT findings may not be evident in posttraumatic cases and ischemia may occur in the cerebellum as a result of the pressure exerted by a sound gun.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locked-in syndrome caused by the pressure exerted by the sound gun

et al. 2014

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“…Although traumatic vertebrobasilar arterial occlusions are suggested to be more common causes of the posttraumatic locked-in state, it has rarely been reported associated with head and neck trauma (Bivins et al, 1981;Britt et al, 1977;Chang and Morariu, 1977;Feldmann, 1971;Marti-Vilata and Roic-Arnall, 1977;Odabasi and Kutukcu, 1998). As described by Plum and Posner (1966), patients with locked-in syndrome demonstrate four features: tetraplegia, preserved eyelid and vertical eye movements, mutism, and alertness, with ability to communicate only through blinking or vertical eye movements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lateral Mass Fracture of C1 Associated With Left Vertebral Artery and Mid-Basilar Artery Occlusion

Schoeggl

Reddy²,

Bavinzski³

2001

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Extreme acceleration and deceleration forces as well as axial loading are exerted at the occipito-cervical junction of drivers involved in high-velocity motor vehicle accidents, especially with fastened seatbelts. Injury at this level, usually lethal, can go unrecognized despite modern emergency management of the unconscious patient. A precise neurologic and radiographic workup of damage to this area is often not possible or overlooked in the initial phase of such severe trauma. We describe a patient with multiple injuries who sustained a left vertebral artery occlusion associated with a left-sided lateral mass fracture of C1 and a basilar artery occlusion resulting in a locked-in syndrome after an automobile accident.

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“…Further cases were described, due to different pathological lesions such as brainstem tu mors [3,4], brainstem encephalitis [5,6], sol itary pontine abscess [7], traumatic brain stem lesions [8][9][10][11], central pontine myelinolysis [12], A locked-in syndrome has also been observed in cases o f involvement o f cerebral peduncles in midbrain infarcts [13] and multiple sclerosis [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%