Transit Des Aliments Liquides Au Niveau De La Gouttière Œsophagienne Chez Le Veau Préruminant Et Ruminant

Guilhermet, R.; Mathieu, C.-M.; Toullec, R.; Beaufils, Marguerite; Mansion, M. Paul; Manis, Y.

doi:10.1051/animres:19750106

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This method allows calculating the leakage of milk during drinking but does not account for the backflow of milk from the abomasum after feeding, at least with RMV1. Nevertheless, no evidence of backflow has been reported in calves (Guilhermet et al, 1975) and the occurrence of milk in the rumen can be largely attributed to malfunction of the esophageal groove. Ultrasonography offers the opportunity to measure AMV, assuming that the filled abomasum takes the shape of an ellipsoid (Wittek et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of milk leakage into the rumen of milk-fed calves through an indirect and repeatable method

Labussière

Berends

Gilbert

et al. 2014

Animal

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In milk-fed calves, quantification of the milk that enters the rumen (ruminal milk volume, RMV) because of malfunction of the esophageal groove reflex may explain part of the variability observed between animals in their growth performance. The RMV can directly be quantified by adding an indigestible marker to the diet and measuring its recovery in the rumen at slaughter, but this technique cannot be repeated in time in the same animal. The objective of the study was to evaluate three indirect methods for estimating RMV. The first method was based on the assumption that ruminal drinking delays and limits acetaminophen appearance in blood after ingestion of milk supplemented with acetaminophen. The second method was based on a negative linear relationship between RMV and urinary recovery of non-metabolizable monosaccharides (3-O-methylglucose, L-rhamnose and D-xylose) added to the milk, owing to rumen fermentation. In the third method, RMV was calculated as the difference between total milk intake and the increase in abomasal milk volume (AMV) at feeding, measured through ultrasonography shortly after feeding, or estimated from the mathematical extrapolation of AMV to feeding time, based on consecutive measurements. These methods were tested in three experiments where calves (n = 22, 10 and 13) were bucket fed or partly tube fed (i.e. by inserting milk replacer into the rumen via a tube to mimic ruminal drinking). In addition, Co-EDTA and Cr-EDTA were used as an indigestible marker in one experiment to trace bucket-fed or tube-fed milk replacer, respectively, to measure RMV. The relationship between AMV measured by ultrasonography and AMV measured at slaughter improved when kinetics of AMV were extrapolated to the time of slaughter by mathematical modeling (error between predicted and measured AMV equaled 0.49 l). With this technique, RMV during feeding averaged 17% and 24% of intake in Experiments 2 and 3, respectively. Plasma acetaminophen kinetics and recovery of non-metabolizable monosaccharides in urine were partly associated with ruminal drinking, but these techniques are not considered quantitatively accurate without further information of rumen degradation and absorption. The recovery of indigestible marker measured at slaughter gave a quantitative estimate of RMV (2% in Experiment 3), but improper measurement of emptying rate of fluid from the rumen may lead to underestimation. In conclusion, measuring changes in AMV by ultrasonography, in response to milk feeding, was the most promising indirect method to quantify RMV in veal calves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In calves, milk replacer bypasses the rumen and enters the abomasum directly because of closure of the esophageal groove (Guilhermet et al, 1975). It is therefore commonly accepted that digestive processes in milk-fed calves resemble those in true monogastric animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of milk leakage into the rumen of milk-fed calves through an indirect and repeatable method

Labussière

Berends

Gilbert

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…Generally, both studies showed a large variation in the amount of milk recovered in the rumen between individual calves, which averaged ~ 7% [61] and 20% [62] of the milk ingested. Leakage considerably increases with age and is higher when animals are drinking from a bucket (~ 40%) than when sucking a nipple (< 1%) [61]. Tadeu dos Santos et al [63], not mentioning the feeding method, reported 3% of spillage into the rumen in calves with a good appetite and 57% in calves with a reduced appetite.…”

Section: Fermentation Of Milk In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several studies describe the etiology and pathology of ruminal drinking [58][59][60], but studies reporting quantitative measurements of milk leakage into the rumen are scarce. Guilhermet et al [61] and Wise et al [62] used preruminant calves equipped with a rumen canula to estimate leakage of milk. Generally, both studies showed a large variation in the amount of milk recovered in the rumen between individual calves, which averaged ~ 7% [61] and 20% [62] of the milk ingested.…”

Section: Fermentation Of Milk In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Guilhermet et al [61] and Wise et al [62] used preruminant calves equipped with a rumen canula to estimate leakage of milk. Generally, both studies showed a large variation in the amount of milk recovered in the rumen between individual calves, which averaged ~ 7% [61] and 20% [62] of the milk ingested. Leakage considerably increases with age and is higher when animals are drinking from a bucket (~ 40%) than when sucking a nipple (< 1%) [61].…”

Section: Fermentation Of Milk In the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the low efficiency of protein utilization in heavy preruminant calves – a reductionist approach

Borne

Verdonk²,

Schrama

et al. 2006

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-The efficiency of protein utilization for growth in preruminant calves is decreasing with increasing body weight. In contrast to calves weighing less than 100 kg of body weight, heavy preruminant calves do not respond in protein retention to an increased intake of indispensable amino acids in dose-response studies. The marginal efficiency of protein utilization is low compared with pigs and milk-fed lambs at a similar stage of maturity. A reductionist approach was taken to perceive the potential mechanisms for the low protein utilization in preruminant calves. Neither an imbalance in the dietary protein to energy ratio nor a single limiting indispensable amino acid was responsible for the low efficiency. Also, amino acids were not specifically used to detoxify ammonia. Alternative hypotheses to explain the low efficiency are discussed and result in (i) a reduced post-absorptive supply of amino acids: e.g. by fermentation of milk in the (premature) rumen or preferential amino acid utilization by specific tissues; or (ii) a reduced post-absorptive amino acid utilization: e.g. by decreased insulin sensitivity, utilization of amino acids for gluconeogenesis or an asynchronous nutrient supply. In conclusion, several mechanisms for the low efficiency of protein utilization in heavy preruminant calves were excluded. Other physiological processes which are potentially involved remain to be studied, because the large potential for improving protein utilization in heavy preruminant calves asks for further exploration of their amino acid metabolism.calf / veal / protein metabolism / efficiency / amino acids / preruminant

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Gastrointestinal motor functions in ruminants

Ruckebusch

1989

Comprehensive Physiology

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Transit Des Aliments Liquides Au Niveau De La Gouttière Œsophagienne Chez Le Veau Préruminant Et Ruminant

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Estimation of milk leakage into the rumen of milk-fed calves through an indirect and repeatable method

Estimation of milk leakage into the rumen of milk-fed calves through an indirect and repeatable method

Reviewing the low efficiency of protein utilization in heavy preruminant calves – a reductionist approach

Gastrointestinal motor functions in ruminants

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