Transition and Film Boiling

Ghiaasiaan, S. Mostafa

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32003-8_42-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, while studying ECIG toxicant emissions, we have regularly observed HCR onset even when the coil–wick system was well-saturated by liquid. In this study, we examined an alternative construct to understand and predict the onset of HCR, namely a thermo-physical phenomenon known as “film boiling”. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we examined an alternative construct to understand and predict the onset of HCR, namely a thermo-physical phenomenon known as "film boiling". 24,25 Film boiling can occur at the interface of a submerged, heated surface. If the heat flux exceeds a threshold, a thin vapor film forms between the hot surface and the surrounding liquid.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hot Wires and Film Boiling: Another Look at Carbonyl Formation in Electronic Cigarettes

Talih

Salman

Karam

et al. 2020

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are a class of tobacco products that emit a nicotine-containing aerosol by heating and vaporizing a liquid. Apart from initiating nicotine addiction in nonsmokers, a persistent concern about these products is that their emissions often include high levels of carbonyl species, toxicants thought to cause most noncancer pulmonary diseases in smokers. This study examined whether the phenomenon of film boiling can account for observations of high carbonyl emissions under certain operating conditions and, if so, whether film boiling theory can be invoked to predict conditions where high carbonyl emissions are likely. We measured the critical heat flux for several common heating materials and liquids and carbonyl emissions for several ECIG types while varying the power. We found that emissions rise drastically whenever the power exceeds the value corresponding to the critical heat flux. While limiting the heat flux to below this threshold can greatly reduce carbonyl exposure, ECIG manufacturer operating instructions often exceed it. Product regulations that limit heat flux may reduce the public health burden of electronic cigarette use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%