“…Indeed, both CSE and CCE represent complex forms of extra-familial harm that move beyond “the parameters of traditional notions of vulnerability” (Moyle, 2019, p. 742) and challenge conventional approaches to risk assessment and child protection designed to address intra-familial harm. The shared complexities of these two forms of exploitation mean that much can be learned from the CSE research literature about how we might best approach safeguarding young people from CCE; for example, drawing upon principles of trauma-informed (Hickle, 2020; Firmin et al , 2022) and relationship-based practice (Gilligan, 2015; Lefevre et al , 2019), understanding adolescent development and the normative influence of peer relationships (Coleman, 2019; Firmin et al , 2016; Meschke et al , 2012), promoting young people’s participation in decision-making (Warrington, 2013; Warrington and Brodie, 2017), adopting principles of harm reduction (Hickle and Hallett, 2016) and ensuring continuity of care as young people make the transition to adulthood (Holmes and Smale, 2018; Cocker et al , 2021).…”