Transitions to Free Trade: Local Impacts of Changes in Mexican Agrarian Policy

Stanford, Lois

doi:10.17730/humo.53.2.m611363541661v71

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…En ellas los cultivos se desarrollan por un tiempo y cuando las empresas advierten que los problemas de degradación ambiental se vuelven críticos y demandan mayor inversión o conducen a una disminución de la productividad reducen sensiblemente su producción en el área o la abandonan para iniciar un nuevo ciclo en otra región "virgen", donde aún no se hayan sembrado hortalizas en gran magnitud e intensidad. Esta agricultura de coyuntura la encontramos en Autlán, Jalisco (Gonzá-lez, 1994); el valle de Arista en San Luis Potosí (Maisterrena y Mora, 2000); en valles de Tierra Caliente, Guerrero (Bustamante, 1996); en el valle de San Quintín, Baja California (Cook y Amon, 1989); en el valle de Apatzingán, Michoacán (Agustín et al, 1994;Stanford, 1994); en el valle de Zamora, Michoacán (Sefoo, 1995); en Hermosillo, Sonora (Moreno, 1997), y recientemente en el valle de Sayula, Jalisco (Macías, 2006).…”

Section: Degradación Ambiental De Los Cultivos De Exportaciónunclassified

Vulnerabilidad alimentaria y política agroalimentaria en México

Chávez

Macías

2014

Desacatos

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Con base en el concepto de vulnerabilidad alimentaria se analizan las implicaciones que, en los últi-mos veinticinco años, ha tenido la política agroalimentaria de México en el acceso sustentable de la población a una alimentación suficiente, nutritiva y saludable. Este análisis considera tanto factores de orden natural (diversidad genética, cambio climático y degradación ambiental), como económi-co (autosuficiencia alimentaria e importación y exportación de alimentos) y social (movilidad de la población, ingreso y niveles de pobreza). Concluye que la política agroalimentaria en México ha contribuido a una mayor vulnerabilidad alimentaria de la población mexicana en el corto y mediano plazo.PALABRAS CLAVE: vulnerabilidad, política agroalimentaria, seguridad alimentaria, sustentabilidad de la agricultura Nutritional Vulnerability and Mexico's Agro-Alimentary PolicyBased on the concept of nutritional vulnerability, this paper studies the effects of Mexico's agroalimentary policy on the population's sustainable access to an adequate, nourishing and healthy nutrition during the last twenty-five years.This analysis takes into consideration natural factors (genetic diversity, climate change and environmental degradation), economic factors (food self-sufficiency and food importation and exportation), as well as social factors (population mobility, income and poverty levels). It concludes that Mexico's agro-alimentary policy has deepened the population's nutritional vulnerability for the short and medium term.

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Section: Degradación Ambiental De Los Cultivos De Exportaciónunclassified

Vulnerabilidad alimentaria y política agroalimentaria en México

Chávez

Macías

2014

Desacatos

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“…In the growing body of literature reviewing changes in agriculture in Mexico in the post-NAFTA period, the effects of national policy shifts on small-scale farmers are a recurrent theme (see McDonald 1997McDonald , 1999McDonald , 2001Stanford 1994;Barbier 2000;Biles and Pigozzi 2000;Nadal 2000Nadal , 2002Nadal and Wise 2004;Biles et al 2007;Gravel 2007). In 1990, Stanford observed that, in a reversal of a long history of government backing for farmers' organizations supporting cantaloupe production in the Valley of Apatzingán, Michoacan, the Mexican government chose to remove quotas for commercial purchase of cantaloupe for export, as well as restrictions on area planted, which had formerly been administered by farmers' organizations.…”

Section: Structural Changes In Post-nafta Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional support and in situ conservation in Mexico: biases against small-scale maize farmers in post-NAFTA agricultural policy

Keleman

2009

Agric Hum Values

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One of the major adjustments brought on by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was a change in the relationship between Mexican agricultural support institutions and the small-scale agricultural sector. Post-NAFTA restructuring programs sought to correct previous inefficiencies in this sector, but they have also had the effect of marginalizing the producers who steward and manage the country’s reserve of maize (Zea mays) genetic diversity. Framed by research suggesting that certain maize varieties in a rain-fed farming region in southern Sonora are in danger of loss due chiefly to long-term drought, this article explores the ramifications of post-NAFTA agricultural policies for in situ maize diversity conservation. Qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews with agricultural support institutions and participant observation with farmers, were used to gather data on dryland farmers’ access to research and extension, as well as possibilities for collective action. In southern Sonora, agricultural support is oriented primarily toward high-tech production, and there are structural barriers to small-scale farmers’ access to research and extension institutions. Further, collective action around agriculture is limited. These circumstances represent significant limitations to farmers’ options for accessing new techniques which might help maintain maize diversity in the context of economic and environmental change

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“…During the past decade, these policies have begun to restructure rural economies throughout Mexico, particularly in regions involved in export agricultural production (Stanford 1994a). At least one scholar has examined the impact of neo-liberal policies on agriculture at the local level in Mexico.…”

Section: Neo-liberal Reforms and Mexican Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least one scholar has examined the impact of neo-liberal policies on agriculture at the local level in Mexico. Lois Stanford (1994aStanford ( , 1994b concludes that national policy decisions, such as the withdrawal of government support for small-scale agriculture and the opening of the commercial agricultural sector to private investment, have marginalized small farmers from cantaloupe production in the state of Michoacan. Beginning in 1988, government policies encouraged U.S. companies to favor partnerships with commercial producers, resulting in a greater concentration of the industry in the hands of fewer large, private, commercial farmers.…”

Section: Neo-liberal Reforms and Mexican Agriculturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These reforms were motivated by the economic crisis and external debt debacle of the early 1980s and have impacted most profoundly upon the country's agricultural sector. National policy decisions, particularly the measures carried out during the presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994), resulted in a drastic reduction in public investment in agriculture and the transformation of rural economies throughout Mexico (Stanford 1994a(Stanford , 1994b.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Interaction of Economic Reforms, Socio‐economic Structure and Agriculture in Mexico

Biles

Pigozzi

2000

Growth and Change

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National policydecisions in developing countries contribute to the increasing integration of agriculture into national and world economies. The spatial consequences of national policies, however, vary across regions and agricultural systems. Employing and adapting a methodology first proposed by King (1970), this study explores the relationship between national policy, agriculture, and population characteristics at the regional level in Mexico during the presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-94). Statistical analyses corroborate the hypothesis that the impact of policy reforms on the agricultural sector in Mexico is mediated by the characteristics of the population. Results suggest that government credit for agriculture and federal funding of rural development during the Salinas de Gortari administration were mediated by factors associatedwith the level of urbanization. The provision of commercial credit at the regional level, however, does not appear to depend on population characteristics. Disparities in the impact of national policies are attributed to a historical urban bias, the differential ability of more highly urbanized states to attract government funding, manage and implement programs, and the existence of highly profitable, commercial agriculture in more developed states. Copyright 2000 Gatton College of Business and Economics, University of Kentucky.

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Transitions to Free Trade: Local Impacts of Changes in Mexican Agrarian Policy

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Vulnerabilidad alimentaria y política agroalimentaria en México

Vulnerabilidad alimentaria y política agroalimentaria en México

Institutional support and in situ conservation in Mexico: biases against small-scale maize farmers in post-NAFTA agricultural policy

The Interaction of Economic Reforms, Socio‐economic Structure and Agriculture in Mexico

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