Transitive inference in non-human animals: An empirical and theoretical analysis

Vasconcelos, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2008.02.017

Cited by 148 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In the numerous TI studies that have used a five-item list, it has been traditional to test for transitive inference with probe pairs of the second versus the fourth items in the sequence. In addition, when significant results have been obtained, the preference shown has almost always been for the second item over the fourth (Allen, 2006;Vasconcelos, 2008). We had anticipated that because neither of these probes included stimuli that directly participated in the link, they would be unaffected by the restructuring, and we would see a consistent preference from the outset for B over D and for 2 over 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and relational representation during transitive list linking in pinyon jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus).

Wei¹,

Kamil²,

Bond³

2014

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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The authors used the list-linking procedure (Treichler & Van Tilburg, 1996) to explore the processes by which animals assemble cognitive structures from fragmentary and often contradictory data. Pinyon jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) were trained to a high level of accuracy on 2 implicit transitive lists, A Ͼ B Ͼ C Ͼ D Ͼ E and 1 Ͼ 2 Ͼ 3 Ͼ 4 Ͼ 5. They were then given linkage training on E Ͼ 1, the single pair that linked the 2 lists into a composite, 10-item hierarchy. Following linkage training, the birds were tested on nonadjacent probe pairs drawn both from within (B-D and 2-4) and between (D-1, E-2, B-2, C-3) each original list. Linkage training resulted in a significant transitory disruption in performance, and the adjustment to the resulting implicit hierarchy was far from instantaneous. Detailed analysis of the course of the disruption and its subsequent recovery provided important insights into the roles of direct and relational encoding in implicit hierarchies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and relational representation during transitive list linking in pinyon jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus).

Wei¹,

Kamil²,

Bond³

2014

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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“…We cannot definitely decide if choices during critical testing are based on relational or associative information 25,26 , but both mechanisms require comparison and integration of hemispheric-specific knowledge to make inference judgements. However, cognitive demands differ between test pairs and may therefore involve different modes of interhemispheric cooperation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of asymmetrical light input on cerebral hemispheric specialization and interhemispheric cooperation

Manns

Römling

2012

Nat Commun

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Hemispheric specialization potentially provides evolutionary advantages by enhancing cognitive capacities. However, separation of function might be advantageous only with the presence of commissural systems allowing for efficient information exchange and cooperation between the hemispheres. Here we investigate hemispheric cooperation in pigeons as they possess an asymmetrically organized visual system that develops in response to biased ontogenetic light stimulation. This allows comparison of the integration capacities of lateralized (light-incubated) and non-lateralized (dark-incubated) animals. We show that pigeons integrate information learnt separately with each hemisphere when confronted with a transitive reasoning task that they cannot solve with the knowledge of one hemisphere alone. Impairments in dark-incubated birds demonstrate that this ability depends on asymmetrical embryonic light stimulation. our study provides for the first time direct evidence that lateralized environmental experience not only induces hemispheric specialization, but also affects the efficiency of interhemispheric crosstalk. Environmental factors can influence the tight interplay between the hemispheres, which in turn determines cognitive abilities.

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“…First, although it is clear that de BoyssonBardies and O'Regan's (1973) categorical strategy can clearly benefit humans, it is probably not available to non-humans (Premack, 2007). Second, we will see later that non-humans probably use a graded representation for the transitive array rather than a categorical one; but this raises the issue of why humans would need anything more than this graded strategy (Vasconcelos, 2008;cf. Wynne, 1998).…”

Section: Evaluating a Purely Extensive-training Account For Transitivmentioning

confidence: 98%

The case for a dual-process theory of transitive reasoning

Wright¹

2012

Developmental Review

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Transitive inference in non-human animals: An empirical and theoretical analysis

Cited by 148 publications

References 85 publications

Direct and relational representation during transitive list linking in pinyon jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus).

Direct and relational representation during transitive list linking in pinyon jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus).

The impact of asymmetrical light input on cerebral hemispheric specialization and interhemispheric cooperation

The case for a dual-process theory of transitive reasoning

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