[Translated article] Decline of Tuberculosis Rates and COVID-19 Pandemic. Fact or Fiction?

Vázquez-Temprano, Nuria; Ursúa-Díaz, María Isabel; Salgado-Barreira, Ángel; Vázquez-Gallardo, Rafael; Bastida, Victoria Túñez; Anibarro, Luis

doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2021.05.035

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In 2020, we observed a drop in the incidence of pulmonary TB compared to previous years (shown in Figure 2), including a marked decrease in patients diagnosed in the months of February to April and in October, which was probably due to the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Spain. These results are in line with previous studies from other regions of the Iberian Peninsula and other countries [3][4][5][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The majority of studies previously carried out are of the Italian population, since within Europe it was the country that most quickly suffered the direct causes of the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…It is considered a true healthcare problem, reaching a prevalence of 10 million patients and 1.5 million deaths in 2020, the majority registered in Asia (55%) and Africa (30%) [2,3]. The number of deaths increased from 2019 to 2020, reversing the trend of previous years [3][4][5][6]. These data are far from reaching the goal of eradicating TB in 2030 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Europe, a total of 47 of 504 cases of tuberculosis were reported in 2019, which is equivalent to a rate of 9.2 cases per 100,000. In 2020, however, 33,000 cases were reported, most of whom were male [4] (54%), causing increased comorbidities and risk of mortality in this population [3][4][5]. In Spain, the impact of the pandemic represented a 50% drop in the inclusion of patients in 2020 compared to 2019 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiological Situation of Pulmonary Tuberculosis–Using Natural Language Processing

Morena,

Campos,

Castillo

et al. 2023

JPM

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Background: We aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) using artificial intelligence. To do so, we compared the real-life situation during the pandemic with the pre-2020 situation. Methods: This non-interventional, retrospective, observational study applied natural language processing to the electronic health records of the Castilla-La Mancha region of Spain. The analysis was conducted from January 2015 to December 2020. Results: A total of 2592 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis; 64.6% were males, and the mean age was 53.5 years (95%CI 53.0–54.0). In 2020, pulmonary tuberculosis diagnoses dropped by 28% compared to 2019. In total, 62 (14.2%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and pulmonary tuberculosis coinfection in 2020, with a mean age of 52.3 years (95%CI 48.3–56.2). The main symptoms in these patients were dyspnea (27.4%) and cough (35.5%), although their comorbidities were no greater than patients with isolated TB. The female sex was more frequently affected, representing 53.4% of this patient subgroup. Conclusions: During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease was observed in the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Women presented a significantly higher risk for pulmonary tuberculosis and COVID-19 coinfection, although the symptoms were not more severe than patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiological Situation of Pulmonary Tuberculosis–Using Natural Language Processing

Morena,

Campos,

Castillo

et al. 2023

JPM

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“…[40][41][42] The data is valuable for understanding how COVID-19 mitigation policies can influence TB elimination efforts in countries with high TB incidence. 43,44 The COVID-19 pandemic caus-es patients to be more vulnerable to the treatment given due to a large number of treatments, a psychological decline in patients, and a significant decrease in the patient's clinical condition 24,45 . Studies conducted on patients with COVID-TB infection have a high chance of more severe symptoms and death than patients who are only infected with COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of The Trend of Incidences and Fatality of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in East Java from 2015-2020: A Lesson From COVID-19

Setyawan

Mertaniasih

Utomo

et al. 2023

Natl J Community Med

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Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a public health problem, and surveillance data analysis has not been done much. Recently a global pandemic of COVID-19 has the potential in disturbing TB elimination programs and treatment. This study aims to comprehensively analyse the incidence rate (IR) and Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of pulmonary tuberculosis in East Java from 2015–2020 and during COVID-19 and the strategies for optimizing tuberculosis disease control. Methodology: The study analyzed annual surveillance data using an analytical descriptive design. The Variables were analyzed with Spearman correlation with a level of evidence of 95% (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in East Java fluctuated from 2015–2020. In 2020 and during the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of cases and morbidity rates increased. Statistic results confirm the presence of a significant correlation between the values of Incidence rate (IR) and Case Fatality rate (CFR) (p = 0.032), IR and Treatment Success Rate (TSR) (p = 0.020), and CFR and TSR (p = 0.002). Population density is not correlated with the number of new cases (p = 0.667). Treatment rates have increased to 51%; cure and treatment rates have decreased to 76% and 89%, respectively, and there was a 4% increase in mortality during COVID-19. Conclusions: COVID-19 has tremendously affected the treatment of pulmonary TB cases in East Java, Indonesia by increasing the incidence rate and decreasing the fatality rate. The pandemic promotes fear in the community to check their medical status and improve the quality of their health in East Java.

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“…However, the COVID-19 pandemic has destroyed this positive outlook and has negatively affected confidence in TB prevention and control [ 4 ]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the real number of cases of TB was more than actually reported, which was mainly due to fewer opportunities for visits to TB-designated institutions, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and shortage of medical resources [ 5 ]. It is estimated that TB deaths will increase by 20% in the post-COVID-19 period, and co-infection with both diseases is also a risk factor for increased case fatality rates [ 6 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional differences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection and multidrug resistance epidemic in Luoyang

Wang,

Guo,

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health event of great concern, however epidemic data on TB covering entire areas during the special period of the COVID-19 epidemic have rarely been reported. We compared the dissemination and multidrug-resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in the main urban area of Luoyang City, China (including six municipal jurisdictions) and nine county and township areas under its jurisdiction, aimed to establish the epidemiology of TB in this region and to provide reference for precision anti-TB in places with similar settings. Methods From 2020 to 2022, sputum samples were collected from 18,504 patients with confirmed, suspected and unexcluded TB in 10 designated TB medical institutions. Insertion sequence 6110 was amplified by PCR (rpoB gene detection if necessary) to confirm the presence of MTBC. PCR-positive specimens were analyzed by multicolor melting curve analysis to detect multidrug resistance. Results Among the 18,504 specimens, 2675 (14.5%) were MTBC positive. The positive rate was higher in the main urban area than in the county and township areas (29.8% vs. 10.9%, p < 0.001). Male, re-treated and smear-positive groups were high-burden carriers of MTBC. Individuals aged > 60 years were the largest group infected with MTBC in the main urban area, compared with individuals aged < 61 years in the county and township areas. The detection of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was higher in the main urban area than in the county and township areas (13.9% vs. 7.8%, p < 0.001). In all areas, MDR-TB groups were dominated by males, patients with a history of TB treatment, and patients aged < 61 years. Stratified analysis of MDR-TB epidemiology showed that MDR4 (INH þ RIF þ EMB þ SM) was predominant in the main urban area, while MDR3 (INH þ RIF þ SM) was predominant in the county and township areas. MDR-TB detection rate and epidemiology differed among the county and township areas. Conclusions For local TB control, it is necessary to plan more appropriate and accurate prevention and control strategies according to the regional distribution of MTBC infection.

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[Translated article] Decline of Tuberculosis Rates and COVID-19 Pandemic. Fact or Fiction?

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiological Situation of Pulmonary Tuberculosis–Using Natural Language Processing

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiological Situation of Pulmonary Tuberculosis–Using Natural Language Processing

An Analysis of The Trend of Incidences and Fatality of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in East Java from 2015-2020: A Lesson From COVID-19

Regional differences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection and multidrug resistance epidemic in Luoyang

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