Translating drug resistant tuberculosis treatment guidelines to reality in war-torn Kandahar, Afghanistan: A retrospective cohort study

Mesic, Anita; Khan, Waliullah H.; Lenglet, Annick; Lynen, Lutgarde; Ishaq, Sadiqqulah; Phyu, Ei Hnin Hnin; Mar, Htay Thet; Oraegbu, Anthony; Seddiq, Mohammad Khaled; Amirzada, Hashim Khan; Fernhout, Jena; Kamau, Charity; Ariti, Cono; Gómez, Diana I.; Decroo, Tom

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237787

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Five studies that provided socioeconomic or psychosocial support during treatment reported treatment success among at least 71% of children and adolescents with tuberculosis. 55 – 58 , 62 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis care models for children and adolescents: a scoping review

Yuen¹,

Szkwarko²,

Dubois³

et al. 2022

Bull World Health Org

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Objective To map which tuberculosis care models are best suited for children and adolescents. Methods We conducted a scoping review to assess the impact of decentralized, integrated and family-centred care on child and adolescent tuberculosis-related outcomes, describe approaches for these care models and identify key knowledge gaps. We searched seven literature databases on 5 February 2021 (updated 16 February 2022), searched the references of 18 published reviews and requested data from ongoing studies. We included studies from countries with a high tuberculosis burden that used a care model of interest and reported tuberculosis diagnostic, treatment or prevention outcomes for an age group < 20 years old. Findings We identified 28 studies with a comparator group for the impact assessment and added 19 non-comparative studies to a qualitative analysis of care delivery approaches. Approaches included strengthening capacity in primary-level facilities, providing services in communities, screening for tuberculosis in other health services, co-locating tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus treatment, offering a choice of treatment location and providing social or economic support. Strengthening both decentralized diagnostic services and community linkages led to one-to-sevenfold increases in case detection across nine studies and improved prevention outcomes. We identified only five comparative studies on integrated or family-centred care, but 11 non-comparative studies reported successful treatment outcomes for at least 71% of children and adolescents. Conclusion Strengthening decentralized services in facilities and communities can improve tuberculosis outcomes for children and adolescents. Further research is needed to identify optimal integrated and family-centred care approaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis care models for children and adolescents: a scoping review

Yuen¹,

Szkwarko²,

Dubois³

et al. 2022

Bull World Health Org

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“…Since 2016, in collaboration with the National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTP), Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has been providing RR‐TB care in Kandahar, Afghanistan [ 9 ]. Afghanistan is affected by a protracted conflict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we reported that RR‐TB can be successfully treated in a complex setting like Kandahar but might still be affected by high attrition rates [ 9 ]. We concluded that our programme needed to adopt strategies to improve outcomes along with the cascade of care and increase the acceptability of treatment delivery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Person‐centred care and short oral treatment for rifampicin‐resistant tuberculosis improve retention in care in Kandahar, Afghanistan

Mesic

Ishaq²,

Khan³

et al. 2022

Tropical Med Int Health

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Management of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) remains one of the main obstacles in reaching the goal of TB elimination by 2035 [1]. There are multiple reasons for unfavourable outcomes, including suboptimal, long or toxic treatment regimens, but also a 'one-size-fits-all' approach to treatment delivery. In 2016, WHO recommended a second-line injectable-containing short regimen for treating multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) [2]. In 2018, building on lessons learnt from experiences with the new and repurposed antituberculosis drugs (such as bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid and clofazimine), all-oral regimens were recommended [3][4][5]. As the performance of regimens also depends

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“…In 2017, 1.6 million TB-associated deaths occurred (Gupta et al, 2019), and it has also been suggested to be a major reason of death-related to antimicrobial resistance as well (Mesic et al, 2020). TB-infected individuals, if left untreated may lead to mortality rates of up to 40% (Suresh et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%