Translation and cultural adaptation of Brazilian Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting: conceptual and semantic equivalence

Abstract

Purpose: To perform the translation and cultural adaptation of the Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting (DASH) for the Brazilian population. Methods: (1) Evaluation of conceptual and items equivalence, and (2) Semantic equivalence, including the steps of (2a) Translation, (2b) retranslation, (2c) Review by the committee of judges and (2d) Pre-test. The second step was carried out by two professionals and 2b by two other professionals, 2c was formed by speech therapists, occupational therapists and educators and the 2d was carried out with 32 students, four from each age group (9-16 years old). Results: (1) It was found that the concepts and items are equivalent in both cultures (British and Brazilian). In the second stage it was found that two tasks in the original procedure, pangrama classified as a phrase in the English language is used. Therefore, when performing unification of translations, an adjustment was made for the phrase pangrama in Portuguese. In 2bshowed that the translation was valid and 2c was consolidated all versions produced in a single version in Portuguese, which was applied in school. In 2d there was acceptance and understanding of the students in the proposed tasks and internal consistency value of 0.701, others words, Métodos: (1) Avaliação de equivalências conceitual e de itens e (2)Avaliação da equivalência semântica, que envolveu as etapas de (2a) Tradução, (2b) Retradução, (2c) Revisão pelo comitê de juízes e (2d) Pré-teste. A etapa 2a foi realizada por dois profissionais e a 2b por outros dois profissionais; na etapa 2c foi composto por um comitê de juízes fonoaudiólogas, pedagogas e terapeutas ocupacionais e a 2d foi realizada com 32 escolares, sendo quatro de cada faixa etária (de 9 a 16 anos). Resultados:(1) Verificou-se que os conceitos e os itens são equivalentes nas duas culturas (britânica e brasileira). Na etapa 2a, observou-se que, em duas tarefas do procedimento original, foi utilizada uma frase classificada como pangrama na língua inglesa. Diante disso, ao se realizar a unificação das traduções, foi feita uma adaptação da frase para um pangrama na língua portuguesa. Na etapa 2b, verificou-se que a tradução foi válida e na 2c, todas as versões produzidas foram consolidadas em uma única versão, em português, que foi aplicada aos escolares. Na etapa 2d, constatou-se aceitabilidade e compreensão dos escolares nas tarefas propostas e valor de consistência interna de 0,701, ou seja, variabilida-

Tradução e adaptação transcultural do Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting 17+ para o português brasileiro: equivalência conceitual, de itens e semântica

“…As the researchers involved in the adaptation of DASH 17+ are the ones who have adapted DASH (for schoolchildren from 9 to 16 years of age), the measures taken were the same as previously described (23) . The phrase "pangram" in English translated literally, is not configured as pangrama in Portuguese language; so, it was elaborated by the researchers, a phrase -That day Max played soccer with his neighbor Pedro -in which the letters K, W and Y were excluded, since they are letters used in foreign words or for proper names and, consequently, are not frequently used by the student.…”

Translation of the Parental Inventory “Language Use Inventory” into Brazilian Portuguese

“…An application of an instrument, developed in different cultural contexts, needs an adaptation, emphasizing the semantic equivalence of the terms. The steps of translation require linguistic care, because many terms have different meanings and specificities (6,11) .…”

“…A pre-test with participants is of extreme importance because it verifies the comprehension of the items and allows the discussion of the feasibility of the application of the instrument in the Brazilian population (11) .…”

“…There are examples of studies in the scientific literature using these and other research methodologies, such as the translation and cultural adaptation of the Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting (DASH) for the Brazilian Population (11) . The authors performed an evaluation of the concepts, equivalence, semantics and items; translation, back-translation, review by a committee of judges and pre-test.…”