Translation and Validation of Indonesian Version of Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire

Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) or scleroderma is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy, fibrosis, and autoimmunity. Scleroderma health assessment questionnare (SHAQ) is a measurement of SSc that is more specific than health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) disability index (DI) to measure disability and function.The aim of this study was to translate SHAQ into Indonesian language and assess its validity and reability. The SHAQ was translated into Indonesian language and then back translated to ensure the meaning. The Indonesian version was then applied to the SSc outpatients. The validity of HAQ-DI and VAS scores was assessed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Cronbach's alpha for the reability test of SSc HAQ score. To determine the convergent validity, comparisons were made between HAQ-DI, scleroderma visual analog scale (VAS), and short form 36 (SF 36). Eighteen females, ranging between 42 to 66 years old, were included in this study from Desember 2019 to February 2020. The results of the validity test in all variables of HAQ-DI and SSc-VAS were valid (r-count >0.361). Cronbach's alpha for these variables were higher than the standardized items (r>0.700), reflecting very good reability and acceptable. There was a statistically significant correlation between SSc HAQ score and HAQ-DI with most of SF-36 physical domains, except for general health. The Indonesian version of SHAQ demonstrates a good construct and discriminant validity as well as the reproducibility. Thus, it can be used for measuring disability in systemic sclerosis patients.

Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Scleroderma with Secondary Infection: A Case Report

“…The Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ) can be used to assess disability and function in patients with systemic sclerosis more specifically than the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) -Disability Index (DI) [10]. The SHAQ questionnaire consists of 20 HAQ-DI items with 5 additional visual analog domains score (VAS) that assess the pain symptoms in Reynaud's phenomenon, digitalis ulcers, gastrointestinal and pulmonary symptoms, and other comorbidities that interfere with patient activity [10,14]. HAQ-DI consists of 20 items divided into eight assessment domains, namely dressing, getting up, eating, walking, personal hygiene, reaching out, holding tight, and activity.…”

“…The final score will range between 0 and 3. The higher the score indicates the higher the disability [10]. VAS assessments are conducted subjectively by the patient by marking a 15 cm long VAS line ranging from "unobtrusive" to "very disturbing".…”

“…disability and function can be carried out using the Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ) [10].…”

High-intensity interval training can improve hand grip strength, inspiratory muscle, and quality of life in systemic sclerosis subjects

“…Functional ability can be represented by handgrip strength, walking speed, and metabolic equivalent (METs). Quality of life was measured by the SHAQ-DI questionnaire [ 10 ].…”

“…SSc can be measured with SHAQ for the most extensively used and best-characterized outcome measure. A combined SHAQ score was calculated by pooling the eight HAQ-DI domains and the five VASs [ 10 , 16 ].…”