Translation and Validation of the Danish Version of the Zurich Claudication Questionnaire

Abstract

Study Design: Validation study. Objectives: To translate and validate the Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ) into a Danish version of the disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), which assesses symptom severity, physical function, and satisfaction after surgery. Method: Translation into a Danish version of the original questionnaire by back- and forward-translating the questionnaire and finally transforming a prefinal test version into a final and cross-cultural adapted version. Validation was performed as a cohort study assessing floor-ceiling effects, internal consistency, test-retest reproducibility, criterion validity, discriminant validity, and responsiveness to change. Results: Fifty-three patients were consecutively included in the study, 53 healthy controls were matched. Floor effect was seen in the postoperative data. Internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha was good to excellent. Substantial test-retest reproducibility was found using Cohen’s weighted kappa. The Danish ZCQ showed moderate to strong association with similar domains of Oswestry Disability Index, Short Form 36, Euro QoL 5D, visual analogue scale–leg and back. The questionnaire showed significant responsiveness to change and a significant discriminant validity between LSS patients and healthy controls. Conclusion: This study shows the Danish translation of the original ZCQ to be well understood by Danish patients. The Danish version is furthermore a reliable and valid questionnaire, which is responsive to change.

A multi-center investigation on the effect of decompressive surgery on Balance and physical ActiviTy Levels in patients with lumbar Spinal stenosis (B-ATLAS): Protocol for a prospective cohort study

“…Both the EQ-5D and SF-36 have been translated and validated for use in Danish and are used extensively in clinical settings in Denmark [62,63]. The ZCQ, also known as the Swiss Spinal Stenosis Measure, was initially developed for the purpose of assessing symptom severity for LSS, physical function, and surgical management satisfaction [64,65].…”

Instrumented Versus Uninstrumented Posterolateral Fusion for Lumbar Spondylolisthesis

“…Other outcome measures included the degree of back and leg pain as measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS) 16 ranging from 0 to 100, with 0 equaling no pain; the Short Form-36 17 (SF-36) Physical Component Summary (PCS) score and Mental Component Summary (MCS) score, with lower scores indicating more severe symptoms and poorer quality of life; and the Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ). The ZCQ is a spinal-stenosis-specific questionnaire that reports on 3 domains: the Symptom Severity Score (SSS) ranging from 1 to 5 and the Physical Function Score (PFS) ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores representing more severe disability, as well as satisfaction with treatment (Satisfaction) 18 . PROMs were collected preoperatively and at 1 and 2 years postoperatively, when we expected outcome measures to stabilize 19 .…”

Validation and reliability of the Persian version of the Zurich Claudication Questionnaire in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis

“…Due to the comprehensiveness of the questions and especially the patients' easy understanding of the content of the questions, while the concepts of the questions are specialized, the use of this tool has been highly welcomed in many specialized treatment centers [8] . In addition, this tool has been translated and validated linguistically in different countries [9] , [10] , [11] ; however, its Persian version has not been assessed structurally or contently.…”