Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Validation of the English Version of the Postural Awareness Scale

Abstract

Purpose The Postural Awareness Scale (PAS) was developed among a sample of German speakers to measure self-reported awareness of body posture. The first aim of this study was to conduct an English translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PAS. The second aim was to assess psychometric properties of the English version of the PAS. Methods Forward and backward translations were conducted. The translated scale was then pretested in a small sample of English-speaking adults (n = 30), followed by cognitive interviews. Finally, consensus of the translated scale was achieved among an expert committee (n = 5), resulting in the Postural Awareness Scale-English Version (PAS-E). Psychometric properties of the PAS-E were investigated among a sample of individuals with chronic pain (n = 301) by evaluating factor structure, reliability, and construct validity. Analyses of variance were conducted to calculate differences in PAS-E scores between specific subgroups (pain conditions, sex, and history of mindfulness practice). Linear regression analyses investigated whether the scores on the PAS-E predicted levels of pain, stress, and mood. Results The results obtained from an exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor solution and were supported by a confirmatory factor analysis. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency and satisfactory construct validity. No significant differences related to sex at birth or pain duration were found. Conclusion PAS-E demonstrated good psychometric properties, and therefore, can and should be used both for research and clinical practice.

Self-Reported Body Awareness: Validation of the Postural Awareness Scale and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (Version 2) in a Non-clinical Adult French-Speaking Sample

“…To our knowledge, there is currently no psychometric tool validated in French that enables assessment of the proprioceptive dimension of body awareness. Interestingly, Cramer et al (2018) have developed the Postural Awareness Scale (PAS; Cramer et al, 2018 ), which was recently validated in Italian ( Topino et al, 2020 ) and in English ( Colgan et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, regarding the interoceptive dimension of body awareness, only the first version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness questionnaire (MAIA-1; Mehling et al, 2012 ) has been very recently validated in a French-speaking sample ( Willem et al, 2021 ).…”

Evaluating Align's Effectiveness as a Telemedicine Physical Therapy App for Treating Neck Pain in Office Workers

“…Those who met the requirements for inclusion logged in to complete the application. They underwent assessments for every outcome measure both before and right after the two-week intervention; Numerical Pain Rating Scale, (17)(18)(19) Neck Disability Index, (19,20) Postural Awareness Scale (21) and Positive Functioning Inventory (22) via the mobile application. After that, they had access to the intervention protocol that had been created.…”