Translation Microscopy (TRAM) for super-resolution imaging

Abstract

Super-resolution microscopy is transforming our understanding of biology but accessibility is limited by its technical complexity, high costs and the requirement for bespoke sample preparation. We present a novel, simple and multi-color super-resolution microscopy technique, called translation microscopy (TRAM), in which a super-resolution image is restored from multiple diffraction-limited resolution observations using a conventional microscope whilst translating the sample in the image plane. TRAM can be implemented using any microscope, delivering up to 7-fold resolution improvement. We compare TRAM with other super-resolution imaging modalities, including gated stimulated emission deletion (gSTED) microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We further developed novel ‘ground-truth’ DNA origami nano-structures to characterize TRAM, as well as applying it to a multi-color dye-stained cellular sample to demonstrate its fidelity, ease of use and utility for cell biology.

Influence of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphisms on the metabolism of the potent aromatase inhibitor, exemestane

“…Interestingly, the GSTM1 null genotype was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the populations examined in this study. A likely explanation is that the GSTM1 null genotype was shown in previous studies to be associated with risk for both hepatocellular carcinoma as well as breast cancer (52,53). The higher-than-expected GSTM1 null genotype frequency observed in the present studies is consistent with the fact that the liver specimens used in this study were originally from patients who had hepatocarcinoma, and the patients taking EXE who participated in this study were diagnosed with breast cancer.…”

Submicrometer Resolution Hyperspectral Quantum Rod Thermal Imaging of Microelectronic Devices

“…Yet, the resolution of the system can be easily increased using a higher NA lens or solid immersion lenses and a higher band gap (corresponding to shorter peak emission wavelength) quantum rods or quantum dots. As an alternative to hardware solutions, numerical resolution enhancement techniques, such as, but not limited to 44 super resolution translation microscopy (TRAM) 45 , can be adopted depending on the requirements of the application.…”

Computational methods in super-resolution microscopy

“…The currently developed super-resolution techniques may also benefit the computational image processing techniques in their respective applications, when the image data shares a similar digital nature through current or modified instrumentation. Improve the resolution with sparse deconvolution, and determine the fluorescence dipole orientation with modulation fitting 75 Axelrod, 1989;Hafi et al, 2014;Zhanghao et al, 2016 SIM Use Moiré interference (differential frequency) to bring the high frequency feature to low frequency 100 Gustafsson et al, 2008;Li et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2016b;Yu et al, 2016 ISM Spatial deconvolution of the obtained confocal PSF 150 Müller and Enderlein, 2010;Sheppard et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2016b;Yu et al, 2016 SOFI Calculate the high-order correlation of the random blinking statistics of the emitters 75 Dertinger et al, 2009;Geissbuehler et al, 2012 SMLM Localize the position of each single molecule for super-resolution imaging 10-20 Betzig et al, 2006;Hess et al, 2006;Rust et al, 2006;Yang et al, 2016b;Yu et al, 2016 3B Calculate the Bayesian statistics of the random blinking emitters 50 Cox et al, 2012 STED Employ stimulated emission to shrink the PSF down to subdiffraction size; the subsequent deconvolution process further enhances the resolution and contrast 20-30 Schoonderwoert et al, 2013 TRAM Achieves a high-resolution image from multiple deconvolved low-resolution translation images~5 0 Qiu et al, 2016 …”

“…Recently, Qiu et al (2016) presented a novel and technically simple way of achieving super-resolution microscopy, called 'translation microscopy (TRAM)'.…”