Translational and Nontranslational Mechanisms of Regulation by Eukaryotic Suppressor Mutants

Jacobson, K. Bruce

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5365-2_17

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, the 109 nt 3′TE sequence alone was insufficient for full stimulation in vivo , even in the presence of a poly(A) tail. Poly(A) tails have little influence on translation in wheat germ extracts, but interact with the 5′ cap to facilitate translation in vivo (Gallie, 1991; Jacobson, 1996; Hentze, 1997). The endogenous levels of GUS activity in oat cells obscured any low level of translation that might have been obtained from reporter mRNAs lacking both a 5′ cap and the 3′TE, or both a poly(A) tail and the 1162 nt viral 3′UTR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the ribosome scanning model explains the mechanisms of various translational regulatory elements in the 5′‐untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs, numerous examples exist of translational control elements in the 3′UTRs of mRNAs. The 3′ poly(A) tail, found on most eukaryotic cellular mRNAs, stimulates translation initiation and stabilizes mRNA (Jacobson, 1996). The 5′ cap and poly(A) tail act synergistically to stimulate initiation in vivo (Gallie, 1991) and in a yeast in vitro translation system (Tarun and Sachs, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A viral sequence in the 3′-untranslated region mimics a 5′ cap in facilitating translation of uncapped mRNA

Wang

Browning

Miller

1997

EMBO J

141

209

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For recognition by the translational machinery, most eukaryotic cellular mRNAs have a 5' cap structure [e.g. m7G(5')ppp(5')N]. We describe a translation enhancer sequence (3'TE) located in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the genome of the PAV barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) which stimulates translation from uncapped mRNA by 30- to 100-fold in vitro and in vivo to a level equal to that of efficient capped mRNAs. A four base duplication within the 3'TE destroyed the stimulatory activity. Efficient translation was recovered by addition of a 5' cap to this mRNA. Translation of both uncapped mRNA containing the 3'TE in cis and capped mRNA lacking any BYDV-PAV sequence was inhibited specifically by added 3'TE RNA in trans. This inhibition was reversed by adding initiation factor 4F (eIF4F), suggesting that the 3'TE, like the 5' cap, mediates eIF4F-dependent translation initiation. The BYDV-PAV 5'UTR was necessary for the 3'TE to function, except when the 3'TE itself was moved to the 5'UTR. Thus, the 3'TE is sufficient for recruiting the translation factors and ribosomes, while the viral 5'UTR may serve only for the long distance 3'-5' communication. Models are proposed to explain this novel mechanism of cap-independent translation initiation facilitated by the 3'UTR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%