Translational applications of microRNAs in cancer, and therapeutic implications

Kwok, Grace; Zhao, Jing; Weiss, Jocelyn; Mugridge, Nancy; Brahmbhatt, Himanshu; MacDiarmid, Jennifer; Robinson, Bruce G.; Sidhu, Stan

doi:10.1016/j.ncrna.2017.12.002

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes depending on their target mRNAs, thereby markedly affecting the biology of cancer. [19][20][21] Several miRNAs have been identified as being associated with different cancers, including OS, 22,23 and there is evidence that miR-193b acts as a tumor suppressor in various types of cancer. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-193b expression is lower in OS specimens than in adjacent normal tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>miR-193b Increases the Chemosensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells by Promoting FEN1-Mediated Autophagy</p>

Dong¹,

Ye²,

Ma³

et al. 2019

OTT

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Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumors and specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely associated with malignant OS progression. In this study, we examined the role of and the involvement of autophagy and apoptosis in the chemosensitivity of OS cells. Methods: We employed qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry to examine the expression levels of miR-193b, flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), and autophagy-related proteins. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed the relationship between miR-193b and FEN1. Results: miR-193b was downregulated in OS compared to adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.05). miR-193b overexpression in the OS cell lines induced autophagy and apoptosis, as shown by Western blotting and flow cytometry. Knockdown of FEN1, a structure-specific nuclease overexpressed in OS tissues (p < 0.001), induced apoptosis through activation of autophagy. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that FEN1 is a direct target of miR-193b, FEN1 knockdown reinforced miR-193b induced apoptosis. Moreover, miR-193b expression enhanced epirubicin-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Conclusion: Collectively, the results showed that miR-193b/FEN1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for OS aimed mainly at the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. The miR-193b/FEN1 axis increased the chemosensitivity of OS cells, while activation of autophagy enhanced the anticancer effects of epirubicin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>miR-193b Increases the Chemosensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells by Promoting FEN1-Mediated Autophagy</p>

Dong¹,

Ye²,

Ma³

et al. 2019

OTT

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“…Several studies have outlined an important role of miRNAs for the prediction of prognosis and outcome in many human cancers (Kwok et al 2017). miRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides) which may repress protein expression.…”

Section: Epigenetic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical parathyroid adenomas: challenging lesions in the differential diagnosis of endocrine tumors

Cetani

Marcocci

Torregrossa

et al. 2019

Endocrine-Related Cancer

111

124

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Atypical parathyroid adenomas represent a group of intermediate form of parathyroid neoplasms of uncertain malignant potential which show some atypical histological features that represent a challenge for the differential diagnosis with parathyroid carcinomas. They may occur as sporadic or as a part of hereditary syndromes. The molecular signature of these neoplasms is still unknown and the germline CDC73 mutations appears to be the most common anomaly in this setting suggesting that these cases might represent variants of the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. The identification of markers predicting the outcome is of great importance to guide an adequate postoperative monitoring and, the same time, relieve of the anxiety of relatively strict monitoring patients not at risk. This review will summarize the current knowledge of the clinical, biochemical, molecular and histological profile of atypical parathyroid adenomas.

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“…In addition, miRNA offers the opportunity to target multiple mRNA targets with a single miRNA in a given pathway. [46] [47] It is important to mention that although miR-based therapeutics have demonstrated great promise for the treatment of different diseases, this is still an evolving field. The main obstacle for clinical application of RNA-based therapeutics is determining how to best deliver the agent to targeted cells.…”

Section: Mir-155-mediated Loss Of Cell Surface Cd47 Promotes the Phagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting CD47/TNFAIP8 by miR-155 overcomes drug resistance and inhibits tumor growth through induction of phagocytosis and apoptosis in multiple myeloma

Rastgoo

Liu³

et al. 2019

haematol

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Translational applications of microRNAs in cancer, and therapeutic implications

Cited by 38 publications

References 86 publications

<p>miR-193b Increases the Chemosensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells by Promoting FEN1-Mediated Autophagy</p>

<p>miR-193b Increases the Chemosensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells by Promoting FEN1-Mediated Autophagy</p>

Atypical parathyroid adenomas: challenging lesions in the differential diagnosis of endocrine tumors

Targeting CD47/TNFAIP8 by miR-155 overcomes drug resistance and inhibits tumor growth through induction of phagocytosis and apoptosis in multiple myeloma

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