“…Moreover, in discussing translator's voice, scholarship to date has more or less separated narrative voice from point of view, both of which constitute the narrative perspective as an integral concept, for 'insistence on the difference between narration and focalization is a major revision of the theory of point of view' (Culler, 1983: 10). Concepts such as narrative voice (including narrator's voice and characters' voice), focalisation pattern, translator's and other agents' intratextual and extratextual voice are often discussed in isolation, such as topics on the translator's salient voice manifested by the content and stylistic changes in the original narrative discourse (Bosseaux 2018;Erkazanci-Durmus, 2014), the heteroglossia of multiple agents' voice that alters the ST's narratives in translation (Solum, 2017;Taivalkoski-Shilov, 2015;Whitfield, 2013), and changes in characters' voice types made by the translator (Taivalkoski-Shilov, 2015;Tahiri, 2020). Pekkanen (2013) explored how focalisation shift indicated the translator's voice, but her discussion only touched upon the shift in the fictional narrator's indirect speech without reporting the shift in characters' direct speech.…”