Translocation of Inhaled Ultrafine Manganese Oxide Particles to the CentralNervous System

Elder, Alison; Gelein, Robert; Silva, Vanessa D.; Feikert, Tessa; Opanashuk, Lisa A.; Carter, Janet; Potter, Russell M.; Maynard, Andrew; Ito, Yasuo; Finkelstein, Jacob N.; Oberdörster, Günter

doi:10.1289/ehp.9030

Cited by 1,042 publications

(602 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The fate of particles that have deposited in the respiratory system can be expected to depend on several factors including particle size, morphology, surface chemistry and protein corona formation. Some particles may enter the bloodstream and translocate to other organs (Oberdorster et al 2004;Elder et al 2006) or de-agglomerate in the lung fluid (Bohgard et al 1979;Wong et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-objects emitted during maintenance of common particle generators: direct chemical characterization with aerosol mass spectrometry and implications for risk assessments

et al. 2013

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Nano-objects emitted during maintenance of common particle generators: direct chemical characterization with aerosol mass spectrometry and implications for risk assessments General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.1 Nano-objects emitted during maintenance of common particle generators AbstractNanotechnology gives us materials with enhanced or completely new properties. At the same time inhalation of manufactured nano-objects has been related to an array of adverse biological effects. We characterized particle emissions, which occurred during maintenance of common metal nanoparticle generators and contrasted the properties of the emitted particles with those originally produced by the generators. A new approach using online aerosol mass spectrometry, for time and size resolved measurements of the particle chemical composition, was applied in combination with more conventional techniques for particle sampling and analysis, including electron microscopy. Emissions during maintenance work, in terms of mass and surface area concentration in the size range of 0.02-10 µm, were dominated by large agglomerates (1-5 µm). With aerosol mass spectrometry we show that the particle composition depends on both generator type and maintenance task being performed and that the instrument can be used for highly time resolved selective studies of metal nanoparticle emissions. The emitted agglomerates have a relatively high probability to be deposited in the lower respiratory tract, since the mean particle diameter coincided with a peak in the lung deposition curve. Each of these agglomerates consisted of a very high number (10 3 -10 5 /agglomerate) of nanometer sized primary particles originating from the particle synthesis process. This made them possess large surface areas, one of the key properties in nanotoxicology. Similar agglomerates may be emitted in a wide range of processes when nanoparticles are manufactured or handled. The fate of such agglomerates, once deposited in the respiratory tract, is unknown and should therefore be considered in future particle toxicological studies. Our results highlight the importance of including micrometer sized particles in exposure and emission assessments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-objects emitted during maintenance of common particle generators: direct chemical characterization with aerosol mass spectrometry and implications for risk assessments

et al. 2013

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“…The authors hypothesized that the translocation of the particles to the central nervous system (CNS) could be through the olfactory mucosa into the cerebral spinal fluid 26. These translocations have been demonstrated in other animal studies as well which assessed the pathways of various metal compounds 27, 28…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Urban air quality and associations with pediatric multiple sclerosis

Lavery

Waubant

Casper

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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BackgroundWe previously identified air quality as a risk factor of interest for pediatric multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this study is to more closely examine the association between the six criteria air pollutants and pediatric MS as well as identify specific areas of toxic release using data from the Toxic Release Inventory.MethodsPediatric MS cases (N = 290) and healthy controls (N = 442) were included as part of an ongoing case–control study. We used the National Emissions Inventory system to estimate particulate exposure by county of residence for each participant. Proximity to Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) sites was also assessed using ArcGIS mapping tools. Risk‐Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI) classified counties at risk to exposure of environmental toxic releases.ResultsFine particulate matter (PM 2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), and lead air emissions were associated with increased odds for pediatric MS (P < 0.01) for those residing within 20 miles of an MS center. Most study participants (75%) resided within 5 miles of at least one TRI site; however, the mean total pounds of stack air releases was higher for sites near MS cases (81,000 tons) compared to those near healthy controls (35,000 tons, P = 0.002). Average RSEI scores did not differ significantly between cases and controls.ConclusionOut of several air pollutants examined, we show that fine particulate matter and three other criteria pollutants (SO 2, CO, and lead) were statistically associated with higher odds for pediatric MS.

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“…The airways are the primary target organs for inhaled particles but evidence from experimental studies with animals shows that ultrafine particles can translocate to other organs, such as the liver, kidneys, heart and brain 13,[31][32][33] . Although the amount of particles accumulating in secondary target organs, such as the kidney, is many times lower than the lung tissue dose, it may be relevant for carcinogenic processes 34,35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor air pollution and risk for kidney parenchyma cancer in 14 European cohorts

Raaschou-Nielsen

Pedersen

Stafoggia

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Several studies have indicated weakly increased risk for kidney cancer among occupational groups exposed to gasoline vapors, engine exhaust, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other air pollutants, although not consistently. It was the aim to investigate possible associations between outdoor air pollution at the residence and the incidence of kidney parenchyma cancer in the general population. We used data from 14 European cohorts from the ESCAPE study. We geocoded and assessed air pollution concentrations at baseline addresses by land-use regression models for particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMcoarse, PM2.5 absorbance (soot)) and nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOx), and collected data on traffic. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effects models for meta-analyses to calculate summary hazard ratios (HRs). The 289,002 cohort members contributed 4,111,908 person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean 14.2 years) 697 incident cancers of the kidney parenchyma were diagnosed. The meta-analyses showed higher HRs in association with higher PM concentration, e.g. HR = 1.57 (95%CI: 0.81–3.01) per 5 μg/m3 PM2.5 and HR = 1.36 (95%CI: 0.84–2.19) per 10−5m−1 PM2.5 absorbance, albeit never statistically significant. The HRs in association with nitrogen oxides and traffic density on the nearest street were slightly above one. Sensitivity analyses among participants who did not change residence during follow-up showed stronger associations, but none were statistically significant. Our study provides suggestive evidence that exposure to outdoor PM at the residence may be associated with higher risk for kidney parenchyma cancer; the results should be interpreted cautiously as associations may be due to chance

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Translocation of Inhaled Ultrafine Manganese Oxide Particles to the CentralNervous System

Cited by 1,042 publications

References 38 publications

Nano-objects emitted during maintenance of common particle generators: direct chemical characterization with aerosol mass spectrometry and implications for risk assessments

Nano-objects emitted during maintenance of common particle generators: direct chemical characterization with aerosol mass spectrometry and implications for risk assessments

Urban air quality and associations with pediatric multiple sclerosis

Outdoor air pollution and risk for kidney parenchyma cancer in 14 European cohorts

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