Transmembrane potential differences across the chorioallantois

Kyriakides, Christine P.M.; Simkiss, K.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(75)90068-7

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…They suggested that Na"*" ions were being pumped actively out of the allantoic fluid into the blood with water and CI" ions following passively. They and others also measured an outer-surface, positive membrane potential across the CAM and confirmed the presence and activity of a Na-K ATPase in the CAM Kyriakides and Simkiss, 1975;. Further studies have shown in detail the structural and physiological function of active Na"*" and Ca^'2 transport by the CAM during incubation .…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Other recent studies have described the Na"*" ion transport ability of the CAM in detail and have emphasized its importance in regulating the water and ion content of extraembryonic compartments inside the egg. However, many previous studies were conducted under standard incubator humidity ("55%; Stewart and Terapka 1969;Kyriakides and Simkiss, 1975; and did not take into consideration the extensive variation in water loss that is commonly found in all sets of eggs. used several humidity levels but only sampled on day 17.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further experiments jji vitro on CAM ion transport have identified the details of this important embryonic osmoregulatory structure Garrison and Terepka, 1972;Kyriakides and Simkiss, 1975;. have shown that the short circuit current (SCC) generated by…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence for this ion transport is the sharp decline in Na"*" and CI" ion concentrations seen in allantoic fluid McNabb, 1986). The volume of allantoic fluid declines also and is thought to be caused by the outside positive membrane potential set up by the movement of Na"*" ions Kyriakides and Simkiss, 1975). claimed that under dehydrating conditions, excess water was lost from the allantoic fluid while the water and ion content of the other compartments were preserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of variation in egg water loss on the chick embryo and its fluid compartments

Davis

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Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effects of variation in egg water loss on the chick embryo and its fluid compartments

Davis

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Urates and allantoic regulation in embryonic Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica

McNabb

1986

J. Exp. Zool.

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During embryonic development, allantoic fluid represents the shifting balance between renal excretion and reabsorption by chorioallantoic membranes. Allantoic contents of Na+, K+, Cl-, urate, pH, and water were followed over days 10-15 of the 16 day incubation. Water volume remained near 0.9 ml until day 13, then declined very rapidly. The pH declined more steadily, from 8 to 5.5. Contents of Na+ and Cl- fell regularly to final values 80-88% below day 10. The K+ content changed differently and nearly doubled by day 13 but returned to day 10 values at the end. Urate content rose until day 13, then fell suddenly to low levels. This was due to the abrupt precipitation of most urate into masses not sampled by our method, so that after day 13, urate was underestimated (probably by 90-96%). Ion binding by urates was low (about 3% of Na+ and Cl-, 10% of K+) and appeared to be nonspecific. The underestimate of urate contents means, however, that in late incubation about one third of allantoic Na+ and 65-70% of K+ and Cl- are bound to precipitated urate and do not appear in balance sheets of allantoic ions. These precipitated ions account for the significant amounts of Na+ and K+ that remain in the allantoic remnant, left in the eggshell after hatching, but whose presence is not predicted by analysis of allantoic fluid.

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Embryonic osmoregulation: Consequences of high and low water loss during incubation of the chicken egg

1988

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The rates of water loss of domestic chicken eggs were varied during incubation to measure the osmoregulatory ability of the avian embryo. Egg water loss was increased by drilling holes in the eggshell over the airspace on day 13 (I = 21 days) and then placing these eggs in a low relative humidity (r.h.: 0-10%) incubator until hatch. Egg water loss was decreased by placing other eggs in a high-r.h. (85-90%) incubator on day 0. Eggs with low water loss (approximately 6% of initial fresh mass [IFM]) produced embryos and yolks that were not different in wet or dry mass when compared to control eggs that lost approximately 12% of IFM. However, 1-4 gm of excess albumen were left in low-water-loss eggs on day 21. Hatching success was 71% and 89% for low and control eggs, respectively. Low egg water loss did not appear to disturb embryonic growth. The allantoic fluid volume and millimolar allantoic Na+ and Cl- ions declined faster with high and slower with low rates of water loss. Thus, excess water was lost as a result of increased movement of water out of allantoic fluid, which was due to increased active transport of Na+ ions by the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Eggs with high water loss had elevated Cl- levels after day 17 in plasma and amniotic fluid, which indicated a period of osmotic stress after depletion of allantoic fluid between day 18 and hatch. The decrease in wet embryo mass measured in embryos from high-water-loss eggs was due principally to dehydration of skin. Embryonic skin may serve as an emergency water reservoir during osmotic stress. Dehydrated chicks produced from high-water-loss eggs were 6 gm less in wet mass at hatch compared to controls. However, these chicks regained the water deficit 7 days after hatch and grew at a rate not different from control chicks through 6 weeks of age. Total egg water loss of 12% of IFM results in highest hatching success. However, water losses between 6% and 20% of IFM do not appear to affect adversely the growth or water content of the chick. Water losses above 20% of IFM cause early depletion of allantoic fluid, prolong the period of osmotic stress, and result in subsequent dehydration of blood, amniotic fluid, and embryonic skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Transmembrane potential differences across the chorioallantois

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

The effects of variation in egg water loss on the chick embryo and its fluid compartments

The effects of variation in egg water loss on the chick embryo and its fluid compartments

Urates and allantoic regulation in embryonic Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica

Embryonic osmoregulation: Consequences of high and low water loss during incubation of the chicken egg

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