Transmission and Distribution of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) from Solar and Electric Light Sources

Nakamura, Takashi; Pelt, A. D. van; Yorio, N.C.; Drysdale, Alan; Wheeler, Raymond M.; Sager, John C.

doi:10.3727/154296610x12686999887481

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Since~39% more PPFD is available under an AM 1.0 spectrum (measured at Earth) compared with the AM 1.5 spectrum, this would partially make up for the PAR reduction at Mars, but an overall reduction in PPFD compared with terrestrial applications would be expected. In spaceflight, crewed missions could integrate QDs into spacecraft crop production systems as remote phosphors for electrical lamps or to modify optically waveguided light transmission from a connected solar concentrator [42][43][44] . These considerations further demonstrate the importance of maximizing the LUE for the plants, as the intensity of sunlight would continue to drop as crewed space missions expand farther out into the solar system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing spectral quality with quantum dots to enhance crop yield in controlled environments

et al. 2021

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Bioregenerative life-support systems (BLSS) involving plants will be required to realize self-sustaining human settlements beyond Earth. To improve plant productivity in BLSS, the quality of the solar spectrum can be modified by lightweight, luminescent films. CuInS2/ZnS quantum dot (QD) films were used to down-convert ultraviolet/blue photons to red emissions centered at 600 and 660 nm, resulting in increased biomass accumulation in red romaine lettuce. All plant growth parameters, except for spectral quality, were uniform across three production environments. Lettuce grown under the 600 and 660 nm-emitting QD films respectively increased edible dry mass (13 and 9%), edible fresh mass (11% each), and total leaf area (8 and 13%) compared with under a control film containing no QDs. Spectral modifications by the luminescent QD films improved photosynthetic efficiency in lettuce and could enhance productivity in greenhouses on Earth, or in space where, further conversion is expected from greater availability of ultraviolet photons.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing spectral quality with quantum dots to enhance crop yield in controlled environments

et al. 2021

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“…Assuming this would be done with electric lighting systems like LEDs, the total light produced would be constrained by the available electric power (Drysdale et al, 1999) (note, there are situations and approaches where solar lighting could be used in space; Nakamura et al, 2009). There can also be complications depending on the maximum output of the electric lighting fixtures and/or power allocations that might change throughout the day.…”

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confidence: 99%

Potatoes as a Crop for Space Life Support: Effect of CO2, Irradiance, and Photoperiod on Leaf Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance

2019

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Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) have been suggested as a candidate crop for future space missions, based on their high yields of nutritious tubers and high harvest index. Three cultivars of potato, cvs. Norland, Russet Burbank, and Denali were grown in walk-in growth rooms at 400 and 800 µmol m −2 s −1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), 12-h L/12h D and 24-h L/0 h D photoperiods, and 350 and 1,000 ppm [CO 2 ]. Net photosynthetic rates (P net) and stomatal conductance (g s) of upper canopy leaves were measured at weekly intervals from 3 through 12 weeks after planting. Increased PPF resulted in increased P net rates at both [CO 2 ] levels and both photoperiods, but the effect was most pronounced under the 12-h photoperiod. Increased [CO 2 ] increased P net for both PPFs under the 12-h photoperiod, but decreased P net under the 24-h photoperiod. Increased PPF increased g s for both [CO 2 ] levels and both photoperiods. Increased [CO 2 ] decreased g s for both PPFs for the 12-h photoperiod, but caused only a slight decrease under the 24-h photoperiod. Leaf P net rates were highest with high PPF (800), elevated [CO 2 ] (1,000), and a 12-h photoperiod, while growing the plants under continuous (24-h) light resulted in lower leaf photosynthetic rates for all combinations of PPF and [CO 2 ]. The responses of leaf photosynthetic rates are generally consistent with prior published data on the plant biomass from these same studies (Wheeler et al., Crop Sci. 1991) and suggest that giving more light with a 24-h photoperiod can increase biomass in some cases, but the leaf P net and overall photosynthetic efficiency drops.

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“…NASA BPC studies were some of the first to track whole canopy ethylene production rates by Kacira et al, 2012). Such concepts could use electric lighting, or sunlight captured directly by structures, or by collectors and then delivered by fiber optics to protected habitats (Cuello et al, 2000;Nakamura et al, 2009). Related testing with plant growth systems inside isolated settings such as the US Antarctic South Pole Station were also conducted, which provided a good analog for isolated settings in space (Sadler, 1995;Patterson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Nasa Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture for Space: People and Places Paving the Way

Wheeler

2017

Open Agriculture

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130

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Transmission and Distribution of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) from Solar and Electric Light Sources

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Optimizing spectral quality with quantum dots to enhance crop yield in controlled environments

Optimizing spectral quality with quantum dots to enhance crop yield in controlled environments

Potatoes as a Crop for Space Life Support: Effect of CO2, Irradiance, and Photoperiod on Leaf Photosynthesis and Stomatal Conductance

Agriculture for Space: People and Places Paving the Way

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