Transmission congestion relief solutions by load management

Abstract

In deregulated and competitive power systems, congestion in the transmission system can pose a major problem that is not only aphysical threat to the security but also results in severe price hikes due to limited generation resources in particular local areas. One possible solution to such a problem is to j n d a customer who will volunteer to lower its consumption of elecm'city when transmission system congestion occurs. By lowering the consumption, the congestion will disappear resulting in a signijcant reduction in prices based on bus margmal costs. A strategy to decide who will be the most likely volunteer and how much load should be curtailed is proposed here. We have conducted simulation tests on a modijed IEEE 14 bus system using security-constrained optimal power flow. The anticipated eflect of the proposed congestion relief solution is to encourage consumers to be elastic against high prices of electricity as well as to discourage suppliers from exercising strategic market power to manipulate prices by taking advantage of congestion. Hence, the proposed congestion relief procedure could eventually protect all customers from high electricity prices in a deregulated environment.

Impact of intentional islanding of distributed generation on electricity market prices

“…An effective approach to safe intentional islanding management should encourage demand elasticity. By lowering the consumption of electricity when islanding occurs, a reduction in market price could be achieved [19]. An elastic load means that a variation in the price causes a variation in the demand.…”

Allocation of Total Congestion Cost and load participation to Generators for a PoolCo Market in Deregulated Power System

“…A multiobjective congestion management framework with optimization of congestion management cost, voltage security and dynamic security called augmented ԑ-constraint technique discussed in which the first objective function is that the cost of congestion management while the second and third objective function is of voltage stability margin (VSM) and Corrected Transient Energy Margin (CTEM) [9]. Simple indices introduced [10] for effective and agreeable load curtailment in congested lines because of the sensitivity of load to a congested branch, economic incentives to reduce consumption and customer willingness to curtail load during congestion. These indices are achieved by mathematical formulation for maximizing social welfare, the overall index for possible load management and generator re-dispatch.…”

Comparative Study of Two Congestion Management Methods for the Restructured Power Systems

“…With the new generation change, optimal load flow is run to check whether congestion has been eliminated. If congestion exists, instead of resorting to the procedure again, load curtailment option [11] is followed. Actual contribution of individual generators to loads and line flows are estimated using the method discussed in Ref.…”

“…If congestion exists even after rescheduling, load curtailment option, as per the indices reported in Ref. [11], is followed. Attractive searching feature of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used in this work instead of the GAMS optimization tool.…”